Talvik Heli, Moks Epp, Mägi Erika, Järvis T, Miller Illa
Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, Tartu 51014, Estonia.
Acta Vet Hung. 2006 Sep;54(3):399-406. doi: 10.1556/AVet.54.2006.3.10.
The aim of the study was to elucidate the distribution and possible transmission routes of Toxocara spp. infection in Estonia. Out of 454 faecal and sand samples collected from park lawns and sandpits in the town of Tartu, 19 were Toxocara positive (4.2%). Out of the 45 sandpit samples 17.8% were Toxocara positive. Cat faeces was found in 21 sandpit samples. Parasitological necropsies were performed on 41 euthanised stray dogs and 27 cats in the Tallinn Dog Home. Additionally, 13 wild free-roaming brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) were captured from the Tallinn Dog Home territory, necropsied and studied for the presence of Toxocara larvae. Toxocara canis adults were found in 14.6% of the dogs and Toxocara cati (syn. mystax) adults in the small intestines of 48.2% of the cats examined. Larval infection was detected in the kidney and liver in 5 dogs (12.2%). Our study demonstrated only low-level larval Toxocara infections in adult dogs. Toxocara larvae were not found in cats and brown rats. According to the results of this study, cats more often carry Toxocara infection than dogs. Under our conditions, stray and free-roaming cats are the main contaminators of the environment with Toxocara eggs. Children playing in sandpits are the main risk group for larval toxocarosis.
该研究的目的是阐明弓首蛔虫属感染在爱沙尼亚的分布情况及可能的传播途径。在从塔尔图市公园草坪和沙坑采集的454份粪便和沙子样本中，19份弓首蛔虫呈阳性（4.2%）。在45份沙坑样本中，17.8%弓首蛔虫呈阳性。在21份沙坑样本中发现了猫粪便。对塔林犬舍中41只安乐死的流浪狗和27只猫进行了寄生虫学尸检。此外，从塔林犬舍区域捕获了13只野生自由放养的褐家鼠（褐鼠），对其进行尸检并研究是否存在弓首蛔虫幼虫。在所检查的狗中，14.6%的狗体内发现了犬弓首蛔虫成虫，48.2%的猫小肠内发现了猫弓首蛔虫（同义词：mystax）成虫。在5只狗（12.2%）的肾脏和肝脏中检测到幼虫感染。我们的研究表明成年狗中仅存在低水平的弓首蛔虫幼虫感染。在猫和褐家鼠中未发现弓首蛔虫幼虫。根据这项研究的结果，猫比狗更常携带弓首蛔虫感染。在我们的条件下，流浪猫和自由放养的猫是环境中弓首蛔虫卵的主要污染源。在沙坑玩耍的儿童是幼虫型弓蛔虫病的主要风险群体。
