McAllister Thomas W, Flashman Laura A, McDonald Brenna C, Saykin Andrew J
Section of Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology Program, Brain Imaging Laboratory, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, USA.
J Neurotrauma. 2006 Oct;23(10):1450-67. doi: 10.1089/neu.2006.23.1450.
Cognitive complaints are a frequent source of distress and disability after mild and moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI). While there are deficits in several cognitive domains, many aspects of these complaints and deficits suggest that problems in working memory (WM) play an important role. Functional imaging studies in healthy individuals have outlined the neural substrate of WM and have shown that regions important in WM circuitry overlap with regions commonly vulnerable to damage in TBI. Use of functional MRI (fMRI) in individuals with mild and moderate TBI suggests that they can have problems in the activation and allocation of WM, and several lines of evidence suggest that subtle alterations in central catecholaminergic sensitivity may underlie these problems. We review the evidence from fMRI and neurogenetic studies that support the role of catecholaminergic dysregulation in the etiology of WM complaints and deficits after mild and moderate TBI.
认知主诉是轻度和中度创伤性脑损伤（TBI）后困扰和残疾的常见来源。虽然在几个认知领域存在缺陷，但这些主诉和缺陷的许多方面表明，工作记忆（WM）问题起着重要作用。对健康个体的功能成像研究勾勒出了WM的神经基础，并表明WM回路中重要的区域与TBI中通常易受损的区域重叠。对轻度和中度TBI个体使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）表明，他们在WM的激活和分配方面可能存在问题，并且有几条证据表明，中枢儿茶酚胺能敏感性的细微改变可能是这些问题的基础。我们综述了来自fMRI和神经遗传学研究的证据，这些证据支持儿茶酚胺能调节异常在轻度和中度TBI后WM主诉和缺陷病因中的作用。
