McAllister Thomas W, Flashman Laura A, Sparling Molly B, Saykin Andrew J
Department of Psychiatry, Section of Neuropsychiatry and the Brain Imaging Laboratory, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.
Brain Inj. 2004 Apr;18(4):331-50. doi: 10.1080/02699050310001617370.
To review the neural circuitry and neurochemistry of working memory and outline the evidence for working memory deficits after traumatic brain injury, and the evidence for the use of catecholaminergic agents in the amelioration of these deficits. Current knowledge gaps and research needs are identified.
Impairments in working memory are a core component of the cognitive deficits associated with traumatic brain injury. Recent progress in understanding the neural circuitry and neurochemistry of working memory suggests that catecholamines play a central role in the activation and regulation of working memory and thus lays a framework in which to consider the use of catecholaminergic agents (dopaminergic and alpha-2 adrenergic agonists) in the treatment of specific cognitive deficits after traumatic brain injury.
The combined methods of cognitive neuroscience, functional brain imaging and neuropharmacology are proposed as an excellent method for studying working memory deficits. A strong rationale exists for the targeted use of catecholaminergic agonists in the treatment of working memory deficits after traumatic brain injury.
回顾工作记忆的神经回路和神经化学，概述创伤性脑损伤后工作记忆缺陷的证据，以及使用儿茶酚胺能药物改善这些缺陷的证据。确定当前的知识空白和研究需求。
工作记忆受损是创伤性脑损伤相关认知缺陷的核心组成部分。在理解工作记忆的神经回路和神经化学方面的最新进展表明，儿茶酚胺在工作记忆的激活和调节中起核心作用，从而为考虑使用儿茶酚胺能药物（多巴胺能和α-2肾上腺素能激动剂）治疗创伤性脑损伤后的特定认知缺陷奠定了框架。
认知神经科学、功能性脑成像和神经药理学的联合方法被提议作为研究工作记忆缺陷的优秀方法。有充分的理由针对性地使用儿茶酚胺能激动剂治疗创伤性脑损伤后的工作记忆缺陷。
