Krakowiak Anna, Wiszniewska Marta, Krawczyk Patrycja, Szulc Bogdan, Wittczak Tomasz, Walusiak Jolanta, Pałczynski Cezary
Department of Occupational Diseases, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Teresy Street, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2007 May;80(6):465-75. doi: 10.1007/s00420-006-0153-0. Epub 2006 Oct 5.
Investigate the risk factors for the development of occupational airway allergy (OAA) from exposure to laboratory animal allergens (LAA) among Polish veterinarians.
Two hundred veterinarians responded to the questionnaire and were subjected to skin prick test (SPT) to common allergens and LAA (rat, mouse, hamster, guinea pig, rabbit). Evaluation of total serum IgE level and specific IgE against occupational allergens was performed. In addition, bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were measured before and after specific challenge testing (SCT) only in the subjects with work-related symptoms suggestive of occupational asthma (OA).
The prevalence of asthmatic and ocular symptoms was statistically more prevalent in the group of veterinarians sensitised to LAA versus non-sensitised subjects. The most frequent occupational allergens of skin and serum reactivity were LAA (44.5 and 31.5%, respectively). In 41 (20.5%) and in 22 (11%) subjects out of 200 veterinarians, serum specific IgE to natural rubber latex (NRL) allergens and disinfectants was also found. Serum sensitisation to cat allergens and daily contact with laboratory animals (LA) increased the risk for developing isolated occupational rhinitis. Furthermore, working time of more than 10 years and daily contact with LA were also significant risk factors for the development of OAA. Measuring PEFR and BHR before and after SCT is a useful method to confirm the presence of OA.
Allergy to LAA is an important health problem among veterinary medicine practitioners in Poland.
调查波兰兽医因接触实验动物过敏原（LAA）而发生职业性气道过敏（OAA）的风险因素。
200名兽医回答了问卷，并接受了针对常见过敏原和LAA（大鼠、小鼠、仓鼠、豚鼠、兔子）的皮肤点刺试验（SPT）。检测了血清总IgE水平以及针对职业过敏原的特异性IgE。此外，仅对有提示职业性哮喘（OA）的工作相关症状的受试者在特异性激发试验（SCT）前后测量了支气管高反应性（BHR）和呼气峰值流速（PEFR）。
与未致敏的受试者相比，对LAA致敏的兽医组中哮喘和眼部症状的患病率在统计学上更高。皮肤和血清反应性最常见的职业过敏原是LAA（分别为44.5%和31.5%）。在200名兽医中，分别有41名（20.5%）和22名（11%）受试者还检测出血清对天然橡胶乳胶（NRL）过敏原和消毒剂的特异性IgE。血清对猫过敏原致敏以及每天接触实验动物（LA）会增加发生单纯性职业性鼻炎的风险。此外，工作10年以上以及每天接触LA也是发生OAA的重要风险因素。在SCT前后测量PEFR和BHR是确认OA存在的有用方法。
对LAA过敏是波兰兽医从业者中的一个重要健康问题。
