Krakowiak Anna, Krawczyk Patrycja, Szulc Bogdan, Wiszniewska Marta, Kowalczyk Monika, Walusiak Jolanta, Pałczyński Cezary
Department of Occupational Diseases, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Teresy St., 91-348, Lodz, Poland.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2007 Apr;80(5):423-32. doi: 10.1007/s00420-006-0152-1. Epub 2006 Oct 5.
We examined the risk factors for the development of airway allergy in animal shelter workers.
The study population comprised 88 animal shelter workers occupationally exposed to cats and dogs. They responded to a questionnaire concerning the history of exposure to animal allergens and job characteristics and were subjected to skin prick test (SPT) to common and occupational allergens (cat and dog), and determination of total serum IgE level and specific IgE. In addition, SPT with rat and mouse allergens were performed. Bronchial hyperreactivity and peak expiratory flow rate were measured at work and off work only in workers with work-related symptoms suggestive of occupational asthma (OA).
The prevalence of OA was 9.1%. Sensitization to dog allergens was higher than to cats. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significant role of positive family history of atopy and having a dog as pet in the past for the development of occupational airway allergy (OR 5.9; 95% CI 1.76, 20.00; P = 0.003; OR 6.47; 95% CI 1.90, 22.02; P = 0.002, respectively). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the risk for developing OA was most clearly associated with growing up in the country (OR 7.59; 95% CI 1.25, 45.9; P = 0.025).
Allergic disease is a serious occupational health concern for subjects who have occupational contact with cats and dogs.
我们研究了动物收容所工作人员发生气道过敏的风险因素。
研究人群包括88名职业性接触猫和狗的动物收容所工作人员。他们回答了一份关于动物过敏原暴露史和工作特征的问卷，并接受了针对常见和职业过敏原（猫和狗）的皮肤点刺试验（SPT），以及总血清IgE水平和特异性IgE的测定。此外，还进行了针对大鼠和小鼠过敏原的SPT。仅对有与职业性哮喘（OA）相关的工作相关症状的工作人员在工作时和下班后测量支气管高反应性和呼气峰值流速。
OA的患病率为9.1%。对狗过敏原的致敏率高于猫。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，特应性家族史阳性以及过去曾养过狗作为宠物在职业性气道过敏的发生中起重要作用（OR分别为5.9；95%CI为1.76，20.00；P = 0.003；OR为6.47；95%CI为1.90，22.02；P = 0.002）。在多因素逻辑回归分析中，患OA的风险与在农村长大最密切相关（OR为7.59；95%CI为1.25，45.9；P = 0.025）。
过敏性疾病是职业性接触猫和狗的人群严重的职业健康问题。
