Henry K S, Wieland W H, Powell D E, Giesy J P
Department of Zoology, National Food Safety and Toxicology Center, Institute for Environmental Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2001 Nov;20(11):2611-6.
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is widely used in a number of industrial processes and consumer products that result in down-the-drain disposal. The log p value for the PDMS used in the present study was 10, and the vapor pressure and water solubility values were below detection limits. These physicochemical characteristics and a measured degradation rate of 3% after six months in moist soils suggest that PDMS may accumulate in aquatic sediments. Sediment toxicity tests with the amphipod Hyalella azteca and with larvae of the midge Chironomus tentans were used to assess the potential for toxicity of PDMS-amended sediments to benthic invertebrates in short-term (10-d) and whole-life-cycle (28 d for H. azteca, 50-65 d for C. tentans) exposures. Endpoints for short-term tests included survival and growth, while life-cycle assays considered survival, growth, reproduction, and, for C. tentans only, emergence. Short-term and life-cycle exposures to concentrations of > or = 1,000 mg PDMS/kg sediment (dry wt) indicated that PDMS will not reduce survival, growth, or reproduction in H. azteca or C. tentans.
聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）广泛应用于许多工业生产过程和消费产品中，这些产品最终会被排放到下水道中。本研究中使用的PDMS的log p值为10，其蒸气压和水溶性值低于检测限。这些物理化学特性以及在潮湿土壤中六个月后测得的3%的降解率表明，PDMS可能会在水生沉积物中积累。使用对虾阿氏摇蚊（Hyalella azteca）和摇蚊（Chironomus tentans）幼虫进行沉积物毒性试验，以评估在短期（10天）和全生命周期（阿氏摇蚊为28天，摇蚊为50 - 65天）暴露下，添加PDMS的沉积物对底栖无脊椎动物的潜在毒性。短期试验的终点包括存活率和生长情况，而生命周期试验则考虑存活率、生长、繁殖情况，对于摇蚊，还包括羽化情况。在沉积物（干重）中短期和全生命周期暴露于浓度≥1000 mg PDMS/kg时，表明PDMS不会降低阿氏摇蚊或摇蚊的存活率、生长或繁殖能力。
