Jablonski David, Roy Kaustuv, Valentine James W
Department of Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, 5734 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Science. 2006 Oct 6;314(5796):102-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1130880.
The evolutionary dynamics underlying the latitudinal gradient in biodiversity have been controversial for over a century. Using a spatially explicit approach that incorporates not only origination and extinction but immigration, a global analysis of genera and subgenera of marine bivalves over the past 11 million years supports an "out of the tropics" model, in which taxa preferentially originate in the tropics and expand toward the poles without losing their tropical presence. The tropics are thus both a cradle and a museum of biodiversity, contrary to the conceptual dichotomy dominant since 1974; a tropical diversity crisis would thus have profound evolutionary effects at all latitudes.
一个多世纪以来，生物多样性纬度梯度背后的进化动力学一直存在争议。通过采用一种不仅纳入物种起源和灭绝，还纳入物种迁入的空间明确方法，对过去1100万年海洋双壳类动物属和亚属的全球分析支持了一种“走出热带”模型，在该模型中，分类群优先起源于热带并向两极扩展，同时不会失去其在热带的存在。因此，与自1974年以来占主导地位的概念二分法相反，热带地区既是生物多样性的摇篮，也是博物馆；因此，热带地区的多样性危机将在所有纬度产生深远的进化影响。
