Kertész Krisztián, Bálint Zsolt, Vértesy Zofia, Márk Géza I, Lousse Virginie, Vigneron Jean Pol, Rassart Marie, Biró László P
Research Institute for Technical Physics and Materials Science, PO Box 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2006 Aug;74(2 Pt 1):021922. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.74.021922. Epub 2006 Aug 31.
Photonic-crystal-type nanostructures occurring in the scales of the butterfly Cyanophrys remus were investigated by optical and electron microscopy (scanning and transmission electron microscopy), reflectance measurements (specular, integrated, and goniometric), by fast Fourier transform analysis of micrographs, by modeling, and by numerical simulation of the measured reflectance data. By evaluating the collected data in a cross-correlated way, we show that the metallic blue dorsal coloration originates from scales which individually are photonic single crystals of 50 x 120 microm2 , while the matt pea-green coloration of the ventral side arises from the cumulative effect of randomly arranged, bright photonic crystallites (blue, green, and yellow) with typical diameters in the 3-10-mum range. Both structures are based on a very moderate refractive index contrast between air and chitin. Using a bleached specimen in which the pigment has decayed with time, we investigated the role of pigment in photonic-crystal material in the process of color generation. The possible biologic utility of the metallic blue (single-crystal) and dull green (polycrystal) textures both achieved with photonic crystals are briefly discussed. Potential applications in the field of colorants, flat panel displays, smart textiles, and smart papers are surveyed.
通过光学显微镜和电子显微镜（扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜）、反射率测量（镜面反射、积分反射和测角反射）、对显微照片进行快速傅里叶变换分析、建模以及对测量的反射率数据进行数值模拟，对蝴蝶Cyanophrys remus鳞片中出现的光子晶体型纳米结构进行了研究。通过以交叉相关的方式评估收集到的数据，我们表明，金属蓝色的背部颜色源于鳞片，这些鳞片单个是尺寸为50×120微米²的光子单晶，而腹侧的哑光豌豆绿色则源于随机排列的、典型直径在3 - 10微米范围内的明亮光子微晶（蓝色、绿色和黄色）的累积效应。这两种结构都基于空气和几丁质之间非常适度的折射率对比度。使用一个色素随时间衰减的漂白标本，我们研究了色素在光子晶体材料颜色产生过程中的作用。简要讨论了通过光子晶体实现的金属蓝色（单晶）和暗绿色（多晶）纹理的可能生物学用途。综述了在着色剂、平板显示器、智能纺织品和智能纸张领域的潜在应用。
