Lewis Sarah R, Dym Cheryl, Chai Christina, Singh Amreeta, Kest Benjamin, Bodnar Richard J
Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, USA.
Physiol Behav. 2007 Jan 30;90(1):82-94. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.08.028. Epub 2006 Oct 9.
Genetic variation across inbred and outbred mouse strains have been observed for intake of sweet solutions, salts, bitter tastants and a high-fat diet. Our laboratory recently reported marked strain differences in the amounts and/or percentages of kilocalories of sucrose consumed among 11 inbred and one outbred mouse strains exposed to a wide range of nine sucrose concentrations (0.0001-5%) in two-bottle 24-h preference tests. To assess whether differences in fat intake were similarly associated with genetic variation, the present study examined intake of chow, water and an emulsified fat source (Intralipid) across nine different concentrations (0.00001-5%) in the same 11 inbred and 1 outbred mouse strains using two-bottle 24-h preference tests, which controlled for Intralipid concentration presentation effects, Intralipid and water bottle positions, and measurement of kilocalorie intake consumed as Intralipid or chow. Strains displayed differential increases in Intralipid intake relative to corresponding water with significant effects observed at the seven (BALB/cJ: 0.001% threshold sensitivity), four (AKR/J, C57BL/6J, DBA/2J, SWR/J: 0.5% threshold sensitivity), three (CD-1, C57BL/10J, SJL/J: 1% threshold sensitivity) and two (A/J, CBA/J, C3H/HeJ, 129P3/J: 2% threshold sensitivity) highest concentrations. In assessing the percentage of kilocalories consumed as Intralipid, SWR/J mice consumed significantly more at the three highest concentrations to a greater degree than BALB/cJ, C57BL/6J, CD-1, C3H/HeJ, DBA/J and 129P3/J strains which in turn consumed more than A/J, AKR/J, CBA/J, C57BL/10J and SJL/J mice. Relatively strong (h2 = 0.73-0.79) heritability estimates were obtained for weight-adjusted Intralipid intake at those concentrations (0.001-1%) that displayed the largest strain-specific effects in sensitivity to Intralipid. The identification of strains with diverging abilities to regulate kilocalorie intake when presented with high Intralipid concentrations may lead to the successful mapping of genes related to hedonics and obesity.
在近交和远交小鼠品系中，已观察到它们对甜味溶液、盐、苦味剂和高脂饮食的摄入量存在遗传变异。我们实验室最近报告称，在一项双瓶24小时偏好试验中，将11个近交系和1个远交系小鼠暴露于9种不同浓度（0.0001 - 5%）的蔗糖溶液中，它们在蔗糖摄入量的千卡量和/或百分比方面存在显著的品系差异。为了评估脂肪摄入量的差异是否同样与遗传变异相关，本研究使用双瓶24小时偏好试验，在相同的11个近交系和1个远交系小鼠品系中，检测了它们对食物、水和一种乳化脂肪源（英脱利匹特）在9种不同浓度（0.00001 - 5%）下的摄入量，该试验控制了英脱利匹特浓度呈现效应、英脱利匹特和水瓶位置，以及作为英脱利匹特或食物消耗的千卡摄入量的测量。各品系在英脱利匹特摄入量相对于相应水的摄入量上表现出不同程度的增加，在七种最高浓度（BALB/cJ：0.001%阈值敏感性）、四种最高浓度（AKR/J、C57BL/6J、DBA/2J、SWR/J：0.5%阈值敏感性）、三种最高浓度（CD - 1、C57BL/10J、SJL/J：1%阈值敏感性）和两种最高浓度（A/J、CBA/J、C3H/HeJ、129P3/J：2%阈值敏感性）下观察到显著影响。在评估作为英脱利匹特消耗的千卡百分比时，SWR/J小鼠在三种最高浓度下消耗的量显著多于BALB/cJ、C57BL/6J、CD - 1、C3H/HeJ、DBA/J和129P3/J品系，而这些品系又比A/J、AKR/J、CBA/J、C57BL/10J和SJL/J小鼠消耗得多。对于在对英脱利匹特敏感性方面表现出最大品系特异性效应的那些浓度（0.001 - 1%）下的体重调整后的英脱利匹特摄入量，获得了相对较强的（h2 = 0.73 - 0.79）遗传力估计值。识别在高英脱利匹特浓度下调节千卡摄入量能力不同的品系，可能会成功定位与享乐主义和肥胖相关的基因。
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