Mahdihassan S
Am J Chin Med. 1990;18(3-4):185-96. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X90000241.
Etymologically Sufi, as an Arabic word, means woolen-clad. This is unsuitable in designating a devotee who tries to have union with God. When the word is taken to Chinese it means (my) master-and-father, my Guru. There are at least nine more words used in addressing the Sufi or speaking of him, all of Chinese origin. This leaves no word specially used for the sufi which is not derived from Chinese. Next comes a rite special to the sufis, it is whirling-dancing. It has no precedence in traditional Islam. On the contrary "Dancing in ancient China was a powerful means of seeking divine will, and producing ecstasy for calling down spirits from the invisible word." Thus sufism would be an adaptation from Chinese Shamanism. The headdress, rather than the dress covering the body, is special to the sufis; it is a long hat made to resemble the male generative organ. In ancient times this organ was sanctified and, as sacred object, its emblem formed the headdress of male and female deities. Even sages were buried with emblem of the male organ on their heads. The earlier form of Hindu Trinity was called Trai-Linga-Ishwara, where Linga literally means the male organ but semantically connotes creative power. To understand creation man had projected Birth as Creation when the male organ of reproduction was sublimated as power of creation. The prehistoric word was Chhiu, meaning phallus. This was pronounced as Shiu or Shew and later became Shiva, who was Phallus-god. In Greece Hermes was Phallus-god. With Shiva there was the Trinity Trai-Linga-Ishwara; Hermes was correspondingly called Tris-Majestis. The headdress, originally formed to resemble the male organ of reproduction underwent modifications. It grew in length while the top, from being round became flat. In this form it could be used without a cloth wrapped round to support it on the head. This was again unique and used only by the Sufis. Its past took it to the emblem of male generative organ but in all stages represented creative power.
从词源学上讲，“苏菲”作为一个阿拉伯语单词，意思是身着羊毛衣物的人。但用它来称呼一位试图与真主合一的奉献者并不合适。当这个词被翻译成中文时，它的意思是（我的）师父兼父亲，我的古鲁。在称呼苏菲或谈论苏菲时，至少还有九个源自中文的词汇。这表明没有一个专门用于苏菲的词不是源自中文的。接下来是苏菲特有的一种仪式，即旋转舞。这在传统伊斯兰教中并无先例。相反，“在中国古代，舞蹈是探寻神意、产生狂喜以召唤无形世界的神灵下凡的有力手段。”因此，苏菲主义可能是对中国萨满教的一种改编。苏菲特有的是头饰，而非覆盖身体的衣物；它是一种长长的帽子，形状类似男性生殖器。在古代，这个器官被奉为神圣，作为神圣之物，其象征构成了男女神灵的头饰。甚至圣人下葬时头上也戴着男性生殖器的象征物。印度教三位一体的早期形式被称为“三相林伽湿婆”，其中“林伽”字面意思是男性生殖器，但语义上意味着创造力。为了理解创造，人类在生殖的男性器官被升华为创造力时，将生育投射为创造。史前词汇是“丘”，意思是阴茎。它发音为“修”或“休”，后来变成了湿婆，即阴茎之神。在希腊，赫尔墨斯是阴茎之神。与湿婆对应的有“三相林伽湿婆”三位一体；赫尔墨斯相应地被称为“三相威严”。最初形似生殖男性器官的头饰经历了演变。它变长了，而顶部从圆形变成了扁平状。以这种形式，它可以不用头巾包裹就能戴在头上。这同样是独一无二的，只有苏菲使用。它的过去与男性生殖器官的象征有关，但在所有阶段都代表着创造力。
