Stoffel Elena Martinez, Syngal Sapna
Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2002 Sep;18(5):595-601. doi: 10.1097/00001574-200209000-00012.
Screening has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality related to colorectal cancer. However, the optimal strategy for population screening for colorectal cancer has been a topic of heated debate. Recent studies have challenged the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of current population screening practices. Novel approaches to improve the assessment of an individual's colorectal cancer risk and advances in technology are changing our approach to colorectal screening. This review covers current guidelines for screening for colorectal cancer, recent advances in cancer risk assessment, and the role of endoscopy, virtual colonoscopy, and fecal DNA testing in colorectal cancer screening.
筛查已被证明可降低与结直肠癌相关的发病率和死亡率。然而，针对结直肠癌进行人群筛查的最佳策略一直是激烈辩论的话题。最近的研究对当前人群筛查实践的有效性和成本效益提出了挑战。用于改善个体结直肠癌风险评估的新方法以及技术进步正在改变我们进行结直肠癌筛查的方式。这篇综述涵盖了结直肠癌筛查的当前指南、癌症风险评估的最新进展，以及内镜检查、虚拟结肠镜检查和粪便DNA检测在结直肠癌筛查中的作用。
