Larcher C, Jeller V, Fischer H, Huemer H P
Department of Hygiene, Microbiology and Social Medicine, Innsbruck Medical University, Fritz-Pregl-Str. 3, R.301, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2006 Nov;25(11):681-6. doi: 10.1007/s10096-006-0214-z.
The aim of this epidemiological study was to determine the prevalence of respiratory viruses, including new viruses, in hospitalised children in Austria. Two hundred fourteen nasopharyngeal samples from hospitalised children were tested for the presence of viruses using cell culture and PCR and/or viral antigen assays. The results revealed a parainfluenza virus 1 (PIV1) outbreak that ended right before the onset of the influenza season, with nearly no overlapping, moderate respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) activity, and only a few adenoviruses. Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) was present in 14.5% of the total samples but was detected in combination with other viruses in only five cases: with PIV1 in three cases and with RSV in two cases. There were no cases of dual infection with hMPV and flu or adenovirus. This suggests that hMPV alone is a leading cause of hospitalisation in children under 1 year of age. Interestingly, hMPV, in contrast to RSV, coincided with PIV1 but was absent during the community outbreak of the flu. Samples were also tested for Mimiviridae, a group of newly described DNA viruses that are similar to Legionella spp., replicate in water amoebae, and also have been found in alveolar cells. However, mimivirus was detected neither in respiratory samples nor in amoebae-containing water samples, indicating that this particular type of virus is either not abundant or does not contribute to paediatric respiratory illnesses.
这项流行病学研究的目的是确定奥地利住院儿童中呼吸道病毒（包括新型病毒）的流行情况。使用细胞培养、聚合酶链反应（PCR）和/或病毒抗原检测法，对214份住院儿童的鼻咽样本进行病毒检测。结果显示，在流感季节开始前，1型副流感病毒（PIV1）爆发结束，与流感季节几乎没有重叠，呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）活动程度中等，腺病毒感染病例较少。人偏肺病毒（hMPV）在所有样本中的检出率为14.5%，但仅在5例样本中与其他病毒合并检出：3例与PIV1合并，2例与RSV合并。没有hMPV与流感病毒或腺病毒双重感染的病例。这表明，单独的hMPV是1岁以下儿童住院的主要原因。有趣的是，与RSV不同，hMPV与PIV1同时出现，但在流感社区爆发期间未检出。还对米米病毒科进行了检测，这是一组新描述的DNA病毒，与军团菌属相似，在水变形虫中复制，也在肺泡细胞中发现。然而，在呼吸道样本和含变形虫的水样中均未检测到米米病毒，这表明这种特定类型的病毒要么数量不多，要么与儿童呼吸道疾病无关。
