Bakker Debra, Fitch Margaret I, Green Esther, Butler Lorna, Olson Karin
School of Nursing, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario.
Can Oncol Nurs J. 2006 Summer;16(2):79-98. doi: 10.5737/1181912x1627987.
Health care restructuring has resulted in significant changes in the workload and work environment for oncology nurses. While recent studies describe the impact of these changes on the general nursing workforce in several countries, there have been no published studies that have focused on worklife issues of Canadian oncology nurses. Therefore, a qualitative study was conducted to gain insight about how oncology nursing has changed over the past decade and how Canadian oncology nurses are managing these changes. Analysis of telephone interviews with 51 practising oncology nurses employed across Canada revealed three major themes. The first theme, "health care milieu", portrayed a picture of the cancer care environment and patient and professional changes that occurred over the past decade. The second theme, "conflicting demands", reflects how the elements of change and social forces have challenged professional oncology nursing practice. The third theme, "finding the way", describes the patterns of behaviour that nurses used to manage the changing health care environment and make meaning out of nurses' work in cancer care. Overall, the findings portray a picture of Canadian oncology nurses in "survival mode". They face many workplace challenges, but are able to keep going "for now" because they find ways to balance their responsibilities on a daily basis and because they know and believe that their specialized nursing knowledge and skills make a difference in patient care.
医疗保健体系的重组给肿瘤护理人员的工作量和工作环境带来了重大变化。虽然最近的研究描述了这些变化对几个国家普通护理人员的影响，但尚未有已发表的研究关注加拿大肿瘤护理人员的工作生活问题。因此，开展了一项定性研究，以深入了解肿瘤护理在过去十年中是如何变化的，以及加拿大肿瘤护理人员是如何应对这些变化的。对加拿大各地51名在职肿瘤护理人员进行的电话访谈分析揭示了三个主要主题。第一个主题“医疗保健环境”描绘了过去十年中癌症护理环境以及患者和专业人员的变化情况。第二个主题“相互冲突的需求”反映了变革因素和社会力量如何对肿瘤护理专业实践构成挑战。第三个主题“寻找出路”描述了护士们用来应对不断变化的医疗保健环境并从癌症护理工作中找到意义的行为模式。总体而言，研究结果描绘了加拿大肿瘤护理人员处于“生存模式”的图景。他们面临许多工作场所的挑战，但能够“暂时”坚持下去，因为他们找到了每天平衡责任的方法，也因为他们知道并相信自己的专业护理知识和技能在患者护理中发挥着重要作用。
