Hatakeyama Shuji, Kawaoka Yoshihiro
Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo.
Nihon Rinsho. 2006 Oct;64(10):1845-52.
Influenza A viruses resistant to adamantanes(amantadine and rimantadine) have drastically increased in the last few years. Moreover, these adamantane-resistant viruses have acquired resistance without compromising viral pathogenicity and transmissibility. Viruses resistant to the other anti-influenza drugs, neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors, have also been shown to emerge at a rate higher than previously thought. In addition, several recent observations suggest that human-to-human transmission of variants resistant to NA inhibitors may have occurred, contrary to earlier predictions that such variants were much less likely to be transmitted. Although the prevalence of NA inhibitor resistants remains low, surveillance of drug-resistant influenza viruses in communities is essential. Here, we review antiviral resistance in influenza viruses and the molecular mechanisms of the acquisition of resistance to these drugs.
过去几年中，对金刚烷类药物（金刚烷胺和金刚乙胺）耐药的甲型流感病毒大幅增加。此外，这些对金刚烷类耐药的病毒在获得耐药性的同时并未损害病毒的致病性和传播性。对其他抗流感药物神经氨酸酶（NA）抑制剂耐药的病毒也已被证明以高于先前预期的速度出现。此外，最近的一些观察结果表明，与早期预测这些变异体传播可能性小得多相反，对NA抑制剂耐药的变异体可能已发生人际传播。尽管对NA抑制剂耐药的病毒流行率仍然较低，但对社区中耐药流感病毒的监测至关重要。在此，我们综述流感病毒中的抗病毒耐药性以及对这些药物产生耐药性的分子机制。
