Herrera Marcela, Valencia Ignacio, Grant Mitzie, Metroka David, Chialastri Augustine, Kothare Sanjeev V
Department of Dental Medicine, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA [corrected] USA.
Sleep. 2006 Sep;29(9):1143-8. doi: 10.1093/sleep/29.9.1143.
Sleep bruxism is an involuntary mandibular movement with tooth grinding during sleep. The prevalence of sleep bruxism in children is high and may lead to frequent arousals with altered daytime functioning. We investigated the sleep architecture, the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux, and the daytime cognitive behavioral functioning in a group of children with sleep bruxism. DESIGN-PATIENTS: This prospective pilot study included 10 children. Polysomnographic data with pH-probe analysis was compared with 10 age- and sex-matched controls. Each patient completed a dental evaluation, a nighttime polysomnogram, and cognitive behavioral tests (Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test and Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist).
Eight of 10 children had clinically significant bruxism and the 2 remaining patients had recent teeth exfoliation. There was no difference on sleep architecture between patients and controls, except for a higher arousal index for the bruxism group (36.7 vs 20.7, p < .007). Sleep bruxism occurred more frequently in stage 2 and rapid eye movement sleep, with arousals in 66% of the cases. There was no relationship of bruxism to gastroesophageal reflux or intelligence. However, 40% of the patients had elevated scores on the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist, indicating significant attention and behavior problems, and there were moderate correlations between the arousal index and several of the behavior-problem scales from the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (0.5 to 0.6).
The data suggest that children with bruxism have a higher arousal index, which may be associated with an increased incidence of attention-behavior problems. Future studies investigating pediatric sleep bruxism will need to focus on behavior issues that may be prevalent in this population.
睡眠磨牙症是一种睡眠期间伴有牙齿研磨的非自主性下颌运动。儿童睡眠磨牙症的患病率较高，可能导致频繁觉醒，进而影响日间功能。我们调查了一组患有睡眠磨牙症儿童的睡眠结构、胃食管反流发生率以及日间认知行为功能。
设计-患者：这项前瞻性试点研究纳入了10名儿童。将多导睡眠图数据与pH值探头分析结果与10名年龄和性别匹配的对照组进行比较。每位患者均完成了牙科评估、夜间多导睡眠图检查以及认知行为测试（考夫曼简易智力测验和阿肯巴克儿童行为量表）。
10名儿童中有8名患有临床上显著的磨牙症，其余2名患者近期有牙齿脱落。患者与对照组在睡眠结构上无差异，但磨牙症组的觉醒指数较高（36.7对20.7，p <.007）。睡眠磨牙症在第2阶段和快速眼动睡眠中更频繁发生，66%的病例伴有觉醒。磨牙症与胃食管反流或智力无关。然而，40%的患者在阿肯巴克儿童行为量表上得分升高，表明存在显著的注意力和行为问题，并且觉醒指数与阿肯巴克儿童行为量表的几个行为问题量表之间存在中度相关性（0.5至0.6）。
数据表明，患有磨牙症的儿童觉醒指数较高，这可能与注意力-行为问题发生率增加有关。未来针对儿童睡眠磨牙症的研究需要关注该人群中可能普遍存在的行为问题。
