Girard Marc P, Reed Zarifah H, Friede Martin, Kieny Marie Paule
University Paris 7, 39 rue Seignemartin, FR-69008 Lyon, France.
Vaccine. 2007 Feb 19;25(9):1567-80. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.09.074. Epub 2006 Oct 5.
The last several years have seen significant progress in the development of vaccines against malaria. Most recently, proof-of-concept of vaccine-induced protection from malaria infection and disease was demonstrated in African children. Pursued by various groups and on many fronts, several other candidate vaccines are in early clinical trials. Yet, despite the optimism and promise, an effective malaria vaccine is not yet available, in part because of the lack of understanding of the types of immune responses needed for protection, added to the difficulty of identifying, selecting and producing the appropriate protective antigens from a parasite with a genome of well over five thousand genes and to the frequent need to enhance the immunogenicity of purified antigens through the use of novel adjuvants or delivery systems. Insufficient clinical trial capacity and normative research functions such as local ethical committee reviews also contribute to slow down the development process. This article attempts to summarize the state of the art of malaria vaccine development.
在疟疾疫苗的研发方面，过去几年取得了重大进展。最近，在非洲儿童中证明了疫苗诱导的预防疟疾感染和疾病的概念验证。在多个团队的多方面努力下，其他几种候选疫苗正处于早期临床试验阶段。然而，尽管前景乐观且充满希望，但有效的疟疾疫苗尚未问世，部分原因是缺乏对保护性免疫反应类型的了解，此外还存在诸多困难，如从拥有超过五千个基因的寄生虫中识别、选择和生产合适的保护性抗原，以及频繁需要通过使用新型佐剂或递送系统来增强纯化抗原的免疫原性。临床试验能力不足以及诸如当地伦理委员会审查等规范性研究功能也导致研发进程放缓。本文试图总结疟疾疫苗研发的现状。
