Suzuki Nobutaka, Saito Takashi
Laboratory for Cell Signaling, RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
Trends Immunol. 2006 Dec;27(12):566-72. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2006.10.003.
The human body is protected against external pathogens by two immune systems: innate and acquired immunities. Whereas innate immunity exhibits immediate responses to external pathogens by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), adaptive immunity uses T cells to recognize and defend against pathogens by developing effector cells, antibodies and memory cells. Although each system seems to possess distinct activation mechanisms, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK)-4 is essential for NF-kappaB activation in Toll-like receptor (TLR) and T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling pathways. This implies possible crosstalk between innate and acquired immunities, and evolutionary development that resulted in the use of innate signaling molecules by the acquired immune system. Here, we discuss the impact of these evolutionarily conserved molecules on innate and acquired immunity, and their potential as drug targets for the simultaneous modulation of both immunities.
固有免疫和适应性免疫。固有免疫通过识别病原体相关分子模式（PAMPs）对外部病原体表现出即时反应，而适应性免疫则利用T细胞通过产生效应细胞、抗体和记忆细胞来识别和抵御病原体。尽管每个系统似乎都具有独特的激活机制，但白细胞介素-1受体相关激酶（IRAK）-4对于Toll样受体（TLR）和T细胞受体（TCR）信号通路中的NF-κB激活至关重要。这意味着固有免疫和适应性免疫之间可能存在相互作用，以及进化发展导致适应性免疫系统使用固有信号分子。在此，我们讨论这些进化上保守的分子对固有免疫和适应性免疫的影响，以及它们作为同时调节两种免疫的药物靶点的潜力。
