Jaspan Heather B, Berwick Jessica R, Myer Landon, Mathews Catherine, Flisher Alan J, Wood Robin, Bekker Linda-Gail
Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
J Adolesc Health. 2006 Nov;39(5):642-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2006.05.016. Epub 2006 Jul 31.
To determine human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence, sexual risk behaviors, and attitudes toward HIV vaccine trials among 11-19 year-olds in a peri-urban community near Cape Town, South Africa.
We performed HIV antibody testing on oral transudate, and assessed sexual risk behaviors and willingness to participate in HIV vaccine trials using self-administered questionnaires.
Of the 510 adolescents selected, 356 (73%) participated. The HIV prevalence of the group was 10.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.5-14.4). One-third of adolescents had experienced sexual debut, with a mean age of 14.6 years. Number of lifetime sexual partners was independently associated with HIV infection (odds ratio [OR] = 1.62; 95% CI 1.1-2.3). In a multivariate analysis, increasing age, female gender, and attending school were independently associated with having had sex. The majority of adolescents (79%) were willing to participate in an HIV vaccine trial. Increasing age and length of residence in the community were significantly associated with willingness to participate (OR = 1.19; 95% CI 1.01-1.4 and OR = 1.14; 95% CI 1.03-1.26, respectively).
The prevalence of HIV and risk behavior among adolescents in this community is high. HIV vaccines are required that target preadolescents. HIV vaccine trials in adolescents in this setting will be facilitated by their willingness to participate.
确定南非开普敦附近城郊社区11至19岁青少年中的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染率、性风险行为以及对HIV疫苗试验的态度。
我们对口腔渗出液进行了HIV抗体检测，并使用自行填写的问卷评估了性风险行为以及参与HIV疫苗试验的意愿。
在选取的510名青少年中，356名（73%）参与了研究。该组青少年的HIV感染率为10.6%（95%置信区间[CI] 7.5 - 14.4）。三分之一的青少年有过初次性行为，平均年龄为14.6岁。终身性伴侣数量与HIV感染独立相关（优势比[OR] = 1.62；95% CI 1.1 - 2.3）。在多变量分析中，年龄增长、女性性别以及上学与发生过性行为独立相关。大多数青少年（79%）愿意参与HIV疫苗试验。年龄增长和在社区居住时间延长与参与意愿显著相关（分别为OR = 1.19；95% CI 1.01 - 1.4和OR = 1.14；95% CI 1.03 - 1.26）。
该社区青少年中的HIV感染率和风险行为较高。需要针对青春期前儿童的HIV疫苗。青少年愿意参与将有助于在此环境下开展青少年HIV疫苗试验。
