Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Equity and Health Policy Research Group, Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
BMC Public Health. 2019 Nov 20;19(1):1537. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7822-x.
Despite the present HIV preventive and treatment programs, the prevalence of HIV is still high in eastern and southern Africa, among young women and populations at high. risk for HIV transmission such as sex workers. There is a need to prepare a suitable population that will participate in efficacy HIV vaccine trials to determine the efficacy of HIV vaccines that had proven to be safe and immune potent.
It was a cross-sectional study that recruited 600 female sex workers using respondent-driven sampling in Dar es Salaam. The study examined recruitment approaches, risk behaviors and willingness of young female sex workers to participate in an HIV vaccine trial. Descriptive statistics described risk behaviors and willingness of the participants to participate in efficacy HIV vaccine trials. The logistic regression model computed the likelihood of willingness to participate in the trials with selected variables.
The study demonstrated 53% were less than 20 years old, 96% were single, and 22% lived in brothels. Eighty percent of the participants started selling sex at the age between 15 and 19 years old, 61% used illicit drugs for the first time when they were less than 20 years old, 24% had anal sex ever. Eighty-nine percent had more than 20-lifetime sexual partners, and 56% had unprotected sexual intercourse with sex clients. Ninety-one percent expressed a willingness to participate in the HIV vaccine trial. Sixty-one percent did not need permission from anyone for participating in a trial. Ninety-one percent expressed willingness to participate in the efficacy of HIV vaccine trial. In the logistic regression model, willingness was significantly associated with the need to ask permission for participation in HIV vaccine trial from sex agent.
Respondent-driven sampling provided a rapid means of reaching young female sex workers who reported high-risk behaviors. The majority expressed a high level of willingness to participate in the HIV vaccine trial which was marginally correlated to the need to seek consent for participation in the trial from the sex brokers. Future HIV vaccine trials involving this population should consider involving the brokers in the trials because they form an essential part of the community for the participants.
尽管目前有艾滋病毒预防和治疗方案，但在东非和南非，艾滋病毒的流行率仍然很高，尤其是在年轻女性和艾滋病毒传播风险较高的人群中，如性工作者。需要准备合适的人群参与疗效艾滋病毒疫苗试验，以确定已被证明安全且具有免疫效力的艾滋病毒疫苗的疗效。
这是一项横断面研究，在达累斯萨拉姆采用应答者驱动抽样方法招募了 600 名女性性工作者。该研究调查了招募方法、风险行为以及年轻女性性工作者参与艾滋病毒疫苗试验的意愿。描述性统计描述了参与者的风险行为和参与疗效艾滋病毒疫苗试验的意愿。逻辑回归模型计算了选择变量与参与试验的意愿的可能性。
研究表明，53%的参与者年龄小于 20 岁，96%的参与者未婚，22%的参与者居住在妓院。80%的参与者在 15 至 19 岁之间开始卖淫，61%的参与者在 20 岁以下首次使用非法药物，24%的参与者曾有过肛交。89%的参与者有超过 20 个性伴侣，56%的参与者与性客户发生过无保护性行为。91%的参与者表示愿意参加艾滋病毒疫苗试验。61%的参与者不需要任何人的许可即可参加试验。91%的参与者表示愿意参加艾滋病毒疫苗疗效试验。在逻辑回归模型中，意愿与参加艾滋病毒疫苗试验需要征得性经纪人同意显著相关。
应答者驱动抽样为接触报告高危行为的年轻女性性工作者提供了一种快速的方法。大多数参与者表示愿意参加艾滋病毒疫苗试验，这与需要征得性经纪人同意参加试验的意愿呈边缘相关。未来涉及该人群的艾滋病毒疫苗试验应考虑让经纪人参与试验，因为他们是参与者社区的重要组成部分。
