Hai Lin, Wagner Carola, Friedt Wolfgang
Department of Plant Breeding, Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, D-35392, Giessen, Germany.
Genetica. 2007 Jul;130(3):213-25. doi: 10.1007/s10709-006-9008-6. Epub 2006 Sep 20.
Genetic diversity in spring bread wheat (T. aestivum L.) was studied in a total of 69 accessions. For this purpose, 52 microsatellite (SSR) markers were used and a total of 406 alleles were detected, of which 182 (44.8%) occurred at a frequency of <5% (rare alleles). The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 14 with an average of 7.81. The largest number of alleles per locus occurred in the B genome (8.65) as compared to the A (8.43) and D (5.93) genomes, respectively. The polymorphism index content (PIC) value varied from 0.24 to 0.89 with an average of 0.68. The highest PIC for all accessions was found in the B genome (0.71) as compared to the A (0.68) and D genomes (0.63). Genetic distance-based method (standard UPGMA clustering) and a model-based method (structure analysis) were used for cluster analysis. The two methods led to analogical results. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 80.6% of the total variation could be explained by the variance within the geographical groups. In comparison to the diversity detected for all accessions (H ( e ) = 0.68), genetic diversity among European spring bread wheats was H ( e ) = 0.65. A comparatively higher diversity was observed between wheat varieties from Southern European countries (Austria/Switzerland, Portugal/Spain) corresponding to those from other regions.
对总共69份春小麦（普通小麦）种质的遗传多样性进行了研究。为此，使用了52个微卫星（SSR）标记，共检测到406个等位基因，其中182个（44.8%）的出现频率<5%（稀有等位基因）。每个位点的等位基因数在2到14个之间，平均为7.81个。与A基因组（8.43）和D基因组（5.93）相比，每个位点等位基因数量最多的是B基因组（8.65）。多态性信息含量（PIC）值在0.24至0.89之间，平均为0.68。与A基因组（0.68）和D基因组（0.63）相比，所有种质中B基因组的PIC最高（0.71）。基于遗传距离的方法（标准UPGMA聚类）和基于模型的方法（结构分析）用于聚类分析。这两种方法得出了相似的结果。分子方差分析（AMOVA）表明，总变异的80.6%可以由地理组内的方差解释。与所有种质检测到的多样性（H（e）=0.68）相比，欧洲春小麦的遗传多样性为H（e）=0.65。观察到来自南欧国家（奥地利/瑞士、葡萄牙/西班牙）的小麦品种与其他地区的小麦品种之间具有相对较高的多样性。
