Cruz Narlito V, Bahna Sami L
Section of Allergy and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA.
Pediatr Ann. 2006 Oct;35(10):744-5, 748-54. doi: 10.3928/0090-4481-20061001-12.
The possible role of foods or additives in causing behavioral disorders in children, particularly ADHD, has been a controversial subject both among health care providers and the public. However, a critical review of the literature provides very limited support for such a relationship. On encountering such cases, the healthcare professional should first establish an accurate diagnosis of the suspected "abnormal" behavior based on specific standard criteria. It is important to counsel the family regarding the standard of care practice and about the limited evidence of a role of foods and additives in causing behavior problems. If parents strongly suspect a specific dietary item, a trial of elimination may be warranted. If the child's behavior shows definite improvement, a challenge in a double-blind, placebo-controlled fashion under the supervision of an experienced physician would be necessary to verify the relationship.
食物或添加剂在引发儿童行为障碍尤其是注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）方面可能扮演的角色，在医疗保健提供者和公众中一直是个有争议的话题。然而，对相关文献的批判性综述对此类关联的支持非常有限。遇到此类情况时，医疗保健专业人员应首先依据特定的标准准则，对疑似“异常”行为进行准确诊断。就护理实践标准以及食物和添加剂在引发行为问题中所起作用的证据有限这一点向家庭提供咨询很重要。如果父母强烈怀疑某一特定饮食项目，或许有必要进行排除试验。如果孩子的行为有明显改善，在经验丰富的医生监督下以双盲、安慰剂对照的方式进行激发试验，对于验证这种关联将是必要的。
