McKnight A James, Becker Wayne W, Pettit Anthony J, McKnight A Scott
Transportation Research Associates, 78 Farragut Road, Annapolis, MD 21403, United States.
Accid Anal Prev. 2007 Mar;39(2):398-405. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2006.09.004. Epub 2006 Oct 17.
Each year over 600 people die and more than 4000 are reported injured in recreational boating accidents. As with most other accidents, human error is the major contributor. U.S. Coast Guard reports of 3358 accidents were analyzed to identify errors in each of the boat types by which statistics are compiled: auxiliary (motor) sailboats, cabin motorboats, canoes and kayaks, house boats, personal watercraft, open motorboats, pontoon boats, row boats, sail-only boats. The individual errors were grouped into categories on the basis of similarities in the behavior involved. Those presented here are the categories accounting for at least 5% of all errors when summed across boat types. The most revealing and significant finding is the extent to which the errors vary across types. Since boating is carried out with one or two types of boats for long periods of time, effective accident prevention measures, including safety instruction, need to be geared to individual boat types.
每年有超过600人死于休闲划船事故，另有4000多人报告受伤。与大多数其他事故一样，人为失误是主要原因。对美国海岸警卫队报告的3358起事故进行了分析，以确定在编制统计数据时每种船型中的失误：辅助（机动）帆船、舱室摩托艇、独木舟和皮划艇、游艇、个人水上摩托艇、敞篷摩托艇、浮筒船、划艇、纯帆船。根据所涉及行为的相似性，将个体失误归为不同类别。这里呈现的是在所有船型中合计占至少5%的失误类别。最具启发性和重要性的发现是失误在不同船型之间的差异程度。由于划船通常长时间使用一两种船型，包括安全指导在内的有效事故预防措施需要针对个别船型。
