Molberg P J, Hopkins R S, Paulson J, Gunn R A
Ohio Department of Health, Division of Epidemiology and Toxicology.
Public Health Rep. 1993 May-Jun;108(3):340-6.
To identify risk factors predicting the involvement of boat operators in incidents resulting in at least one fatality, the authors obtained data from a mail survey of registered boat owners in the State of Ohio and from the Boating Accident Report (BAR) files for 1983-86 compiled by the Ohio Department of Natural Resources. Additionally, they reviewed Ohio death certificates for those years to identify cases missed by the BAR system. Forty percent of the fatal incidents would have been missed by a search of death certificates alone. During the period studied, 107 boating incidents resulted in 124 deaths. There were 0.9 fatal incidents per million boat-operator hours. Factors found to be associated with an increased risk of a fatal boating incident were the operator being younger than 30 years, having fewer than 20 hours of boat operating experience, and lacking formal boat safety training. Canoes, kayaks, rowboats, and inflatables were associated with a higher rate of fatal incidents per million hours of use than were motorboats. Young age and lack of experience were associated independently with increased risk, explaining some of the effects associated with types of boats and with lack of training. The findings suggest that supervised experience, safety training programs aimed at young operators, and interventions specific to certain types of boats are likely to reduce boating fatalities.
为了确定能够预测船只操作人员卷入至少导致一人死亡事故的风险因素，作者从俄亥俄州注册船主的邮件调查以及俄亥俄自然资源部汇编的1983 - 1986年划船事故报告（BAR）文件中获取了数据。此外，他们查阅了那些年份的俄亥俄州死亡证明，以找出BAR系统遗漏的案例。仅通过搜索死亡证明，40%的致命事故将会被遗漏。在研究期间，107起划船事故导致124人死亡。每百万船时发生0.9起致命事故。发现与致命划船事故风险增加相关的因素有：操作人员年龄小于30岁、划船操作经验少于20小时以及缺乏正规的划船安全培训。独木舟、皮划艇、划艇和充气艇每百万使用小时的致命事故发生率高于摩托艇。年轻和缺乏经验各自独立地与风险增加相关，这解释了一些与船只类型和缺乏培训相关的影响。研究结果表明，有监督的经验、针对年轻操作人员的安全培训计划以及针对某些类型船只的干预措施可能会减少划船死亡事故。
