de Pinho Rachel S N, da Silva-Júnior Francisco P, Bastos João Paulo C, Maia Werllen S, de Mello Marco Túlio, de Bruin Veralice M S, de Bruin Pedro Felipe C
Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Prof. Costa Mendes, 1068-4 andar, 60430-040 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
Chronobiol Int. 2006;23(5):963-71. doi: 10.1080/07420520600920759.
Truck drivers are more likely to suffer severe injury and death due to certain truck driving characteristics. Identifying and preventing factors associated with accidents in this population is important to minimize damage and improve road safety. Excessive daytime sleepiness is a major public health problem, leading to impaired cognitive function, reduced alertness, and increased risk of motor vehicle crashes. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of hypersomnolence (defined as an Epworth Sleepiness Scale score greater than 10) among truck drivers. Three hundred male truck drivers were studied. Quality of sleep was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the association between demographic, clinical, and occupational data with excessive sleepiness was analyzed. The mean daily sleep duration was 5.6+/-1.3 h, and poor quality of sleep was found in 46.3% of the individuals. Hypersomnolence was found in 46% of the drivers and was associated with younger age, snoring, and working >10 h without rest. A positive correlation between hypersomnolence and previous accidents was detected (p=0.005). These results show that sleep deprivation and hypersomnolence are frequent among truck drivers. The treatment of sleep-disordered breathing and the implementation of educational programs, particularly targeting younger drivers and promoting increased awareness of the deleterious effects of sleep loss and work overload, may help to reduce hypersomnolence and accidents among truck drivers.
由于某些卡车驾驶特性，卡车司机更有可能遭受严重伤害甚至死亡。识别并预防与该人群事故相关的因素对于将损害降至最低并提高道路安全至关重要。白天过度嗜睡是一个主要的公共卫生问题，会导致认知功能受损、警觉性降低以及机动车碰撞风险增加。这项横断面研究的目的是确定卡车司机中超嗜睡（定义为艾普沃思嗜睡量表得分大于10）的患病率及预测因素。对300名男性卡车司机进行了研究。通过匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评估睡眠质量，并分析人口统计学、临床和职业数据与过度嗜睡之间的关联。平均每日睡眠时间为5.6±1.3小时，46.3%的个体存在睡眠质量差的情况。46%的司机存在超嗜睡情况，且与年龄较小、打鼾以及连续工作超过10小时无休息有关。超嗜睡与既往事故之间存在正相关（p=0.005）。这些结果表明，睡眠剥夺和超嗜睡在卡车司机中很常见。治疗睡眠呼吸障碍并实施教育项目，特别是针对年轻司机并提高对睡眠不足和工作负荷过大有害影响的认识，可能有助于减少卡车司机的超嗜睡情况和事故。
