Harvey Allison G, Mullin Benjamin C, Hinshaw Stephen P
Psychology Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1650, USA.
Dev Psychopathol. 2006 Fall;18(4):1147-68. doi: 10.1017/S095457940606055X.
The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of the sleep-wake cycle in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder. After presenting an overview of the measurement and function of human sleep, we describe changes in sleep and circadian functioning across the life cycle. We then review evidence that, in adults, sleep and/or circadian rhythms are of considerable influence in the multifactorial causal chain implicated in relapse in bipolar disorder, discussing relevant mechanisms. The latter include abnormalities in the amount and timing of sleep, the role of social zeitgebers, and the importance of sleep in regulating emotional responses and mood. We next present preliminary data indicating considerable sleep disturbance among children and adolescents with bipolar disorder. Given the considerable sleep disturbance evident among children and adolescents with bipolar disorder along with a key role for sleep in emotion regulation and learning, we conclude that sleep among children and adolescents with bipolar disorder is a critical domain for future research. An agenda for future research is presented that includes descriptive studies, investigations of causality, and treatment development research.
本文旨在强调双相情感障碍儿童和青少年睡眠-觉醒周期的重要性。在概述人类睡眠的测量和功能后，我们描述了整个生命周期中睡眠和昼夜节律功能的变化。然后，我们回顾证据表明，在成年人中，睡眠和/或昼夜节律在双相情感障碍复发所涉及的多因素因果链中具有相当大的影响，并讨论相关机制。后者包括睡眠量和时间的异常、社会时间线索的作用以及睡眠在调节情绪反应和情绪方面的重要性。接下来，我们展示初步数据，表明双相情感障碍儿童和青少年存在明显的睡眠障碍。鉴于双相情感障碍儿童和青少年中明显存在相当大的睡眠障碍，以及睡眠在情绪调节和学习中的关键作用，我们得出结论，双相情感障碍儿童和青少年的睡眠是未来研究的一个关键领域。本文还提出了未来研究议程，包括描述性研究、因果关系调查和治疗开发研究。
