Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, Mail Stop D3-100, 1100 Fairview Avenue N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2006 Nov;8(6):434-41. doi: 10.1007/s11908-006-0017-5.
Infection due to opportunistic moulds is an emerging problem in hematopoietic stem cell recipients. Through the 1990s, the incidence of invasive aspergillosis in allogenic graft recipients climbed steadily, peaking at 10% to 15%. In this decade, other opportunistic mould infections are emerging, including zygomycosis, fusariosis, and scedosporiosis. These epidemiologic changes are likely due to greater or different types of host immune suppression, medical interventions such as antifungal prophylaxis, and more successful treatment of aspergillosis, keeping immunosuppressed patients alive and at risk. The non-Aspergillus moulds generally exhibit variable susceptibility to antifungal agents, and outcomes continue to be disappointing. Thus, prevention of infection becomes a prominent concern in the care of these patients.
机会性霉菌感染是造血干细胞受者中一个新出现的问题。在整个 20 世纪 90 年代，异基因移植物受者侵袭性曲霉菌感染的发生率稳步上升，达到 10%至 15%。在这十年中，其他机会性霉菌感染也在出现，包括接合菌病、镰刀菌病和枝孢霉病。这些流行病学变化可能是由于宿主免疫抑制程度更大或类型不同、抗真菌预防等医疗干预措施以及曲霉菌病治疗更为成功，使免疫抑制患者存活并面临风险。非曲霉菌的霉菌通常对抗真菌药物表现出不同的敏感性，治疗结果仍然令人失望。因此，感染的预防成为这些患者护理中的一个突出问题。
