Folador Alessandra, Hirabara Sandro M, Bonatto Sandro J R, Aikawa Júlia, Yamazaki Ricardo K, Curi Rui, Fernandes Luiz C
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute de Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Int J Cancer. 2007 Jan 15;120(2):344-50. doi: 10.1002/ijc.22333.
The effect of coconut fat (rich in medium saturated fatty acids) or fish oil (rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) supplementation for 2 generations on tumor growth, cancer cachexia, animal survival and macrophage function was investigated in Walker 256 tumor-bearing rats. Female Wistar rats were supplemented with coconut fat or fish oil prior to mating and then throughout pregnancy and gestation. Both supplementations were daily and orally given at 1 g per kg body weight as a single bolus. Same treatment was performed by the 2 following generations. At 90 days of age, male offspring (50%) from F2 generation were subcutaneously inoculated with 2 x 10(7) Walker 256 tumor cells. At 14 days after tumor implantation, rats not supplemented displayed cancer cachexia characterized by loss of body weight, hypoglycemia, hyperlacticidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, decreased food intake and depletion of glycogen stores in the liver and skeletal muscles. Supplementation with coconut fat did not affect these parameters. However, supplementation with fish oil decreased tumor growth (59%), prevented body weight loss and food intake reduction and attenuated cancer cachexia. In addition, fish oil increased animal survival up to 20 days (from 25% in rats not supplemented to 67% in rats supplemented with fish oil) and improved macrophage function characterized by increased phagocytosis capacity and production of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide. These results suggest that fish oil supplementation for 2 generations improves macrophage function in association to reduced tumor growth and attenuated cancer cachexia, maintaining food intake and increasing animal survival.
在荷Walker 256肿瘤大鼠中，研究了连续两代补充富含中链饱和脂肪酸的椰子油或富含ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸的鱼油对肿瘤生长、癌症恶病质、动物存活及巨噬细胞功能的影响。雌性Wistar大鼠在交配前、整个孕期及哺乳期补充椰子油或鱼油。两种补充剂均每日经口给予，剂量为1 g/kg体重，单次灌胃。随后的两代进行相同处理。F2代90日龄雄性后代（50%）皮下接种2×10(7)个Walker 256肿瘤细胞。肿瘤接种后14天，未补充的大鼠出现癌症恶病质，表现为体重减轻、低血糖、高乳酸血症、高甘油三酯血症、食物摄入量减少以及肝脏和骨骼肌糖原储备耗竭。补充椰子油对这些参数无影响。然而，补充鱼油可使肿瘤生长减缓（59%），防止体重减轻和食物摄入量减少，并减轻癌症恶病质。此外，鱼油可使动物存活期延长20天（未补充大鼠的存活率为25%，补充鱼油大鼠的存活率为67%），并改善巨噬细胞功能，表现为吞噬能力增强以及过氧化氢和一氧化氮生成增加。这些结果表明，连续两代补充鱼油可改善巨噬细胞功能，同时减少肿瘤生长、减轻癌症恶病质，维持食物摄入量并提高动物存活率。
