Ramalho L, da Jornada M N, Antunes L C, Hidalgo M P
Laboratory of Chronobiology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Nutr Diabetes. 2017 Mar 13;7(3):e245. doi: 10.1038/nutd.2016.47.
Shift workers have metabolic changes more often than day workers. It is also known that night workers prefer foods high in saturated fat. Such data suggest that shift workers are prone to cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the objective of this study was to propose an animal model to test the effect of high-fat diet (HFD) based on shift workers' diet.
This is an experimental study with 20 Wistar rats. Ten rats were allocated to the control group (CG) and were fed standard diet. Ten rats were allocated to the experimental group (EG) and were fed HFD (45% fat). Serum triglycerides (TG), glucose and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-cho) were measured 5, 10 and 15 weeks after the beginning of the study. The amount of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was determined. Body weight was assessed weekly, and food and water intake were measured daily. Student's t-test was used for independent samples, and P<0.05 was considered significant.
After 15 weeks of intervention, the EG showed increased serum levels of TG (P=0.001) and glucose (P<0.001) and decreased HDL-cho (P<0.001) when compared with the CG. The EG showed increased VAT (P=0.005) and liver weight (P=0.01). Food intake and water intake were higher in the CG (P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively), whereas energy intake showed no difference (P=0.48). No difference was found in the weight of adrenal glands (P=0.07) and body weight (P=0.63).
The experimental diet was effective to show changes in the serum levels of glucose, TG and HDL-cho and visceral fat in spite of no change in body weight in 15 weeks.
轮班工作者比日班工作者更常出现代谢变化。众所周知，夜班工作者更喜欢饱和脂肪含量高的食物。这些数据表明轮班工作者易患心血管疾病。因此，本研究的目的是提出一种动物模型，以测试基于轮班工作者饮食的高脂饮食（HFD）的效果。
这是一项对20只Wistar大鼠进行的实验研究。10只大鼠被分配到对照组（CG），喂食标准饮食。10只大鼠被分配到实验组（EG），喂食高脂饮食（脂肪含量45%）。在研究开始后的第5、10和15周测量血清甘油三酯（TG）、葡萄糖和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-cho）。测定内脏脂肪组织（VAT）的量。每周评估体重，每天测量食物和水的摄入量。采用独立样本的Student t检验，P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
干预15周后，与CG组相比，EG组血清TG水平升高（P=0.001）、葡萄糖水平升高（P<0.001），HDL-cho水平降低（P<0.001）。EG组VAT增加（P=0.005），肝脏重量增加（P=0.01）。CG组的食物摄入量和水摄入量更高（分别为P<0.001和P<0.001），而能量摄入量无差异（P=0.48）。肾上腺重量（P=0.07）和体重（P=0.63）无差异。
尽管15周内体重没有变化，但实验饮食有效地显示了血清葡萄糖、TG和HDL-cho水平以及内脏脂肪的变化。
