Piana A, Sechi N, Masia M D, Azara A, Muresu E, Maida A
Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine of the University of Sassari, Italy.
J Prev Med Hyg. 2006 Jun;47(2):49-55.
The aims of this study are to assess the quality of the coastal waters of central-northern Sardinia through data from a monitoring network and to outline maps and experimental models of environmental risk correlated to the presence of chemical and microbiological contaminants. The area studied is the coast between Capo Falcone and the mouth of the river Coghinas, in the northwestern part of the island.
In a first phase, 7 sampling stations of sea water and 1 sampling station of bivalve molluscs (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam.) were identified. For each transept 3 different collection points at respectively 500, 1000, and 3000 meters from the coast for a total 21 sampling sites were identified. In a second phase, another 7 transepts were identified, 2 of which on the island of Asinara.
As regards the microbiological monitoring of the sea water, very low concentrations of Total coliforms, Faecal coliforms and Faecal Streptococci were found and no Salmonella were isolated. Chemical analysis of the waters showed a high constant presence of phenols. In the bivalves we found rather high concentrations of Faecal coliforms without any clear seasonal variation, while no Salmonella was isolated in any of the examined samples.
The results show that the considered area is not affected by serious pollution processes, thus allowing to express a completely satisfactory judgement on its state of health. However anthropic pressure in the considered territory is testified by the presence in the water of high concentrations of phenols.
The results point out to the necessity of targeted and rational preventive action by means of control and protection measures for environmental ecosytems.
本研究的目的是通过监测网络的数据评估撒丁岛中北部沿海水域的质量，并勾勒与化学和微生物污染物存在相关的环境风险地图及实验模型。研究区域为该岛西北部法尔科内角与科吉纳斯河口之间的海岸。
第一阶段，确定了7个海水采样站和1个双壳贝类（加利福尼亚贻贝）采样站。对于每个横断面，分别在距离海岸500米、1000米和3000米处确定3个不同的采集点，共确定21个采样点。第二阶段，又确定了7个横断面，其中2个在阿西纳拉岛。
关于海水的微生物监测，发现总大肠菌群、粪大肠菌群和粪链球菌的浓度非常低，未分离出沙门氏菌。水体化学分析表明酚类物质持续大量存在。在双壳贝类中，我们发现粪大肠菌群浓度相当高，且无明显季节性变化，而在所检测的任何样本中均未分离出沙门氏菌。
结果表明，所考虑的区域未受到严重污染过程的影响，因此对其健康状况可作出完全令人满意的判断。然而，水体中高浓度酚类物质的存在证明了该区域存在人为压力。
结果指出有必要通过对环境生态系统的控制和保护措施采取有针对性的合理预防行动。
