Whitfield Charles W, Behura Susanta K, Berlocher Stewart H, Clark Andrew G, Johnston J Spencer, Sheppard Walter S, Smith Deborah R, Suarez Andrew V, Weaver Daniel, Tsutsui Neil D
Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, IL 61801, USA.
Science. 2006 Oct 27;314(5799):642-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1132772.
We characterized Apis mellifera in both native and introduced ranges using 1136 single-nucleotide polymorphisms genotyped in 341 individuals. Our results indicate that A. mellifera originated in Africa and expanded into Eurasia at least twice, resulting in populations in eastern and western Europe that are geographically close but genetically distant. A third expansion in the New World has involved the near-replacement of previously introduced "European" honey bees by descendants of more recently introduced A. m. scutellata ("African" or "killer" bees). Our analyses of spatial transects and temporal series in the New World revealed differential replacement of alleles derived from eastern versus western Europe, with admixture evident in all individuals.
我们利用在341个个体中基因分型的1136个单核苷酸多态性对西方蜜蜂在原生和引入区域的情况进行了特征描述。我们的结果表明，西方蜜蜂起源于非洲，至少两次扩张到欧亚大陆，导致在地理上接近但基因上有差异的东欧和西欧种群。在新世界的第三次扩张涉及最近引入的小盾蜂（“非洲”或“杀人”蜂）的后代几乎取代了先前引入的“欧洲”蜜蜂。我们对新世界空间样带和时间序列的分析揭示了源自东欧和西欧的等位基因的差异替代，在所有个体中都明显存在混合现象。
