Ho-Yen Signe Dørheim, Bondevik Gunnar Tschudi, Eberhard-Gran Malin, Bjorvatn Bjørn
Section for General Practice, Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Norway.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2006;85(10):1186-92. doi: 10.1080/00016340600753158.
Mental disorders are highly prevalent across different cultures and are often associated with serious role impairment. In developing countries, more than three-quarters of people with serious mental disease do not receive any treatment. Identifying and treating maternal depression is important also in Nepal, where suicide is the second largest cause of deaths among women of reproductive age. The emotional, cognitive, and physical development of the infant is also negatively influenced by maternal depression.
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms among mothers 5-10 weeks after delivery in a clinical, a rural, and an urban population in Lalitpur district, Nepal.
A total of 426 postnatal women were included in a cross-sectional structured interview study of mental health. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and mental distress by the Self Report Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20).
The overall prevalence of depressive symptoms in the postnatal period (defined as EPDS > 12) was 4.9% (95% CI 2.9-7.0). The prevalence of mental distress (defined as SRQ-20 > 10) was 3.1% (95% CI 1.4-4.7). There were no significant differences in prevalences among the three populations studied.
The prevalence of depressive symptoms in the postnatal period was lower than previously reported from Nepal. The value of possible protective and precipitating factors needs to be explored.
精神障碍在不同文化中高度流行，且常常与严重的角色功能损害相关。在发展中国家，超过四分之三的严重精神疾病患者未接受任何治疗。在尼泊尔，识别和治疗产后抑郁症也很重要，因为自杀是育龄妇女中第二大死因。母亲的抑郁也会对婴儿的情感、认知和身体发育产生负面影响。
本研究的目的是估计尼泊尔拉利特布尔区临床、农村和城市地区产后5至10周母亲中抑郁症状的患病率。
共有426名产后妇女纳入一项心理健康横断面结构化访谈研究。通过爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）测量抑郁症状，通过自我报告问卷20（SRQ-20）测量精神困扰。
产后抑郁症状（定义为EPDS>12）的总体患病率为4.9%（95%CI 2.9-7.0）。精神困扰（定义为SRQ-20>10）的患病率为3.1%（95%CI 1.4-4.7）。在所研究的三个人群中患病率无显著差异。
产后抑郁症状的患病率低于尼泊尔先前报告的水平。需要探索可能的保护因素和促发因素的价值。
