Troost Pieter W, Althaus Monika, Lahuis Bertine E, Buitelaar Jan K, Minderaa Ruud B, Hoekstra Pieter J
Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2006 Oct;16(5):561-73. doi: 10.1089/cap.2006.16.561.
Little is known about the neuropsychological effects of risperidone in children with pervasive developmental disorders.
Twenty-four children (aged 5-17 years) with pervasive developmental disorders and co-morbid disruptive behavior who responded favorably to open-label treatment with risperidone as part of a previously described controlled discontinuation study completed two different computerized attention tasks at baseline, weeks 4, 8, and 24 of open-label treatment, and, at 8 weeks after random assignment to either placebo or risperidone. The primary efficacy measures were response latencies to visually presented stimuli requiring two different types of attention-controlled processing, i.e., focused and divided attention.
About half of the clinical responders did not produce valid performance measures. These could be shown to be of younger mental age and less adaptive as measured by the Vineland Behavior Scales. For the valid task performers divided attention (serial search in working memory) was shown to regress in the placebo group (n = 7), while in the risperidone group (n = 7) there was further improvement. No such group difference was found for focused attention.
The study suggests a beneficial effect of risperidone after several months of treatment, enhancing divided attention in children with pervasive developmental disorders.
关于利培酮对广泛性发育障碍儿童的神经心理影响，人们所知甚少。
24名年龄在5至17岁之间、患有广泛性发育障碍且伴有破坏性行为的儿童，他们对利培酮开放标签治疗反应良好，作为先前描述的对照停药研究的一部分，在基线、开放标签治疗的第4周、第8周和第24周，以及随机分配至安慰剂或利培酮治疗8周后，完成了两项不同的计算机化注意力任务。主要疗效指标是对视觉呈现刺激的反应潜伏期，这些刺激需要两种不同类型的注意力控制处理，即集中注意力和分散注意力。
约一半的临床反应者未产生有效的表现测量结果。通过文兰行为量表测量，这些儿童的心理年龄较小且适应性较差。对于有效的任务执行者，安慰剂组（n = 7）的分散注意力（工作记忆中的系列搜索）出现退步，而利培酮组（n = 7）则有进一步改善。在集中注意力方面未发现此类组间差异。
该研究表明，经过数月治疗后，利培酮具有有益效果，可以增强广泛性发育障碍儿童的分散注意力。
