Aman Michael G, Farmer Cristan A, Hollway Jill, Arnold L Eugene
Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, 225 Psychology Building, 1835 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2008 Oct;17(4):713-38, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2008.06.009.
We reviewed the recent literature on medicines used to manage inattention, impulsiveness, and overactivity in children with pervasive developmental disorders (autistic disorder, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified, Asperger's disorder) using computer searches of pharmacologic studies. A substantial number of reports were identified and summarized. The literature tends to be dominated by uncontrolled studies, although the number of controlled trials is growing. Findings are described for psychostimulants, noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors, antipsychotics, alpha adrenergic agonists, antidepressants, anxiolytics, cholinesterase inhibitors, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blockers, and antiepileptic mood stabilizers. Evidence for a positive effect is strongest for psychostimulants, noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors, antipsychotics, and alpha adrenergic agonists. Evidence for efficacy seems weakest for newer antidepressants, anxiolytics, and mood stabilizers.
我们通过对药理学研究进行计算机检索，回顾了近期有关用于治疗广泛性发育障碍（自闭症谱系障碍、未特定的广泛性发育障碍、阿斯伯格综合征）儿童注意力不集中、冲动和多动的药物的文献。我们识别并总结了大量报告。尽管对照试验的数量在增加，但文献仍以非对照研究为主。文中描述了精神兴奋剂、去甲肾上腺素能再摄取抑制剂、抗精神病药物、α肾上腺素能激动剂、抗抑郁药、抗焦虑药、胆碱酯酶抑制剂、N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体阻滞剂及抗癫痫心境稳定剂的研究结果。精神兴奋剂、去甲肾上腺素能再摄取抑制剂、抗精神病药物及α肾上腺素能激动剂产生积极效果的证据最为充分。新型抗抑郁药、抗焦虑药及心境稳定剂的疗效证据似乎最为薄弱。
