Akkoyun Imren, Oto Sibel, Yilmaz Gursel, Gurakan Berkan, Tarcan Aylin, Anuk Deniz, Akgun Seval, Akova Yonca A
Department of Ophthalmology, Baskent University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
J AAPOS. 2006 Oct;10(5):449-53. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2006.05.007.
To evaluate the risk factors in the development of mild and severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
All infants (n = 88) screened for ROP at a neonatal intensive care unit over a 2-year period with gestational age <or=34 weeks and follow-up of 43 weeks postconception were included. The findings were classified in accordance with the International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity. The study group was classified into three subgroups: group A included patients without retinopathy; group B included patients with stage 1 or 2 (mild-ROP); and group C included patients who progressed to moderate or severe stage 3 (severe-ROP) and were treated. A retrospective review of records was performed and statistical analysis of eight possible risk factors for ROP was evaluated by using logistic regression.
Logistic regression analysis showed birth weight (BW) (p=0.019) and respiratory distress syndrome (p = 0.029) as independent significant risk factors for the development of stage 1 and 2 ROP, with BW (p < 0.0001) as an independent significant risk factor for the progression to stage 3 ROP. Total volume of blood transfusion and duration of artificial ventilation were also found to be risk factors with high rates of stage 3 ROP. In group C, BW <or=1000 g (p = 0.0002) and gestational age <or=28 weeks (p < 0.0001) were significant risk factors associated with higher rates of ROP.
This study showed BW and respiratory distress syndrome as independent risk factors in the development of mild ROP and BW in the development of severe ROP.
评估早产儿轻度和重度视网膜病变（ROP）发生发展的危险因素。
纳入在新生儿重症监护病房进行ROP筛查的所有婴儿（n = 88），这些婴儿孕周≤34周，孕龄43周时进行随访。研究结果根据国际早产儿视网膜病变分类法进行分类。研究组分为三个亚组：A组为无视网膜病变的患者；B组为1期或2期（轻度ROP）患者；C组为进展至中度或重度3期（重度ROP）并接受治疗的患者。对病历进行回顾性分析，并采用逻辑回归对ROP的八个可能危险因素进行统计分析。
逻辑回归分析显示，出生体重（BW）（p = 0.019）和呼吸窘迫综合征（p = 0.029）是1期和2期ROP发生的独立显著危险因素，而BW（p < 0.0001）是进展至3期ROP的独立显著危险因素。输血总量和人工通气时间也是3期ROP发生率较高的危险因素。在C组中，BW≤1000 g（p = 0.0002）和孕周≤28周（p < 0.0001）是与较高ROP发生率相关的显著危险因素。
本研究表明，BW和呼吸窘迫综合征是轻度ROP发生的独立危险因素，而BW是重度ROP发生的独立危险因素。
