Cohn I
Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University, School of Medicine, New Orleans 70112.
Int J Pancreatol. 1990 Aug-Nov;7(1-3):1-11. doi: 10.1007/BF02924215.
Pancreatic cancer remains a leading cause of death from cancer. Its incidence is rising throughout the world, not solely because of improved diagnostic techniques. Diagnosis is followed relatively rapidly by the demise of the patient, and reasons for this rapid course have been sought. Both patient and physician delay play roles in this course. In addition, spread of the lesion outside the confines of the pancreas is usually present at the time of diagnosis. Symptoms, age and sex distribution, pathologic types, location within the pancreas, and physical findings are discussed. The various diagnostic techniques are evaluated and compared. Choices of operations are discussed, including risks associated with each, survival results, and the recent decrease in operative mortality reported from several institutions. Some of the newer approaches to therapy are discussed--combinations of radiotherapy, operation, and palliative procedures. The importance of a diagnostic method that will detect the lesion at an earlier stage is stressed.
胰腺癌仍然是癌症致死的主要原因之一。其发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势，这不仅仅是因为诊断技术的改进。患者确诊后病情往往迅速恶化，人们一直在探寻导致这种快速病程的原因。患者自身延误和医生延误在这一过程中都起到了作用。此外，在诊断时病变通常已扩散至胰腺范围之外。本文讨论了症状、年龄和性别分布、病理类型、胰腺内位置以及体格检查结果。对各种诊断技术进行了评估和比较。讨论了手术选择，包括每种手术的相关风险、生存结果，以及几家机构报告的近期手术死亡率下降情况。还讨论了一些新的治疗方法——放疗、手术和姑息治疗的联合应用。强调了能够在早期阶段检测出病变的诊断方法的重要性。
