Kiang Michael, Kutas Marta
Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, Mail Code 0515, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093-0515, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 2006 Dec 7;145(2-3):119-26. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2005.12.010. Epub 2006 Oct 27.
Existing hypotheses about semantic processing in schizophrenia and schizotypy suggest that both conditions are associated with a less than normal difference in the degree to which some concept activates the mental representation of other concepts that are strongly versus weakly related to it in meaning. To seek further evidence for this, we examined response typicality on the Category Fluency Test (CFT) as a function of schizotypy. Individuals from a non-clinical population verbally generated as many exemplars as they could in 1 min for each of four categories (fruits, four-footed animals, articles of clothing, vehicles). Participants subsequently completed the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ). SPQ score was not significantly correlated with the total number of responses generated for any of the categories. Individuals with higher (as opposed to lower) SPQ scores, however, generated more atypical members of the fruit category both in their initial responses and overall (as indexed by the average ratio of each response's ordinal position to its position in population typicality norms). These results support the hypothesis that semantic memory organization in non-clinical individuals with higher schizotypy is functionally altered.
现有的关于精神分裂症和分裂型人格障碍语义加工的假说表明，这两种情况都与某些概念激活在意义上与其强相关或弱相关的其他概念的心理表征程度的差异小于正常水平有关。为了寻求这方面的进一步证据，我们将类别流畅性测试（CFT）中的反应典型性作为分裂型人格特质的函数进行了研究。来自非临床人群的个体在1分钟内为四个类别（水果、四足动物、衣物、车辆）中的每一个尽可能多地口头说出示例。参与者随后完成了分裂型人格问卷（SPQ）。SPQ得分与为任何类别生成的反应总数均无显著相关性。然而，SPQ得分较高（相对于较低）的个体，在其初始反应和总体反应中（以每个反应的序数位置与其在总体典型性规范中的位置的平均比率为指标）生成了更多水果类别的非典型成员。这些结果支持了这样一种假说，即具有较高分裂型人格特质的非临床个体的语义记忆组织在功能上发生了改变。
