Stevenson Abigail L, Norbury Chris J
Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK.
Yeast. 2006 Oct 15;23(13):991-1000. doi: 10.1002/yea.1408.
Polyadenylation is an essential processing step for most eukaryotic mRNAs. In the nucleus, poly(A) polymerase adds poly(A) tails to mRNA 3' ends, contributing to their export, stability and translatability. Recently, a novel class of non-canonical poly(A) polymerases was discovered in yeast, worms and vertebrates. Different members of the Cid1 family, named after its founding member in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, are localized in the nucleus and the cytoplasm and are thought to target specific RNAs for polyadenylation. Polyadenylation of a target RNA by a Cid1-like poly(A) polymerase can lead to its degradation or stabilization, depending on the enzyme involved. Cid1-like proteins have important roles in diverse biological processes, including RNA surveillance pathways, DNA integrity checkpoint responses and RNAi-dependent heterochromatin formation.
多聚腺苷酸化是大多数真核生物mRNA必不可少的加工步骤。在细胞核中，多聚（A）聚合酶将多聚（A）尾添加到mRNA的3'末端，有助于其输出、稳定性和可翻译性。最近，在酵母、蠕虫和脊椎动物中发现了一类新型的非经典多聚（A）聚合酶。Cid1家族的不同成员，以其在裂殖酵母粟酒裂殖酵母中的创始成员命名，定位于细胞核和细胞质中，并被认为靶向特定RNA进行多聚腺苷酸化。类似Cid1的多聚（A）聚合酶对靶RNA的多聚腺苷酸化可导致其降解或稳定，这取决于所涉及的酶。类似Cid1的蛋白质在多种生物学过程中发挥重要作用，包括RNA监测途径、DNA完整性检查点反应和RNAi依赖的异染色质形成。
