Romanos George E, Nentwig Georg-Hubertus
Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY 10010, USA.
Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2006 Oct;26(5):459-69.
The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the clinical success of immediately loaded implants versus implants loaded in a delayed fashion in the posterior mandible. Three implants were placed distal to the canines bilaterally in the edentulous distal mandibular ridges of 12 patients. One side was randomly selected for placement of three implants (delayed loading; control sites) with a progressive thread design for submerged healing, and after 3 months the implants were exposed and loaded with provisional splinted crowns, which were replaced 6 weeks later by the definitive restorations. Three additional implants (immediately loaded; test sites), of the same size were placed in the contralateral side of the mandible. The test implants had abutments placed and were loaded immediately using the same protocol as the control implants. After a mean loading period of 25.3 months, the patients showed normal mean clinical values without significant differences (P < 0.05) for test and control implants, respectively, as follows: Plaque Index: 0.4 versus 0.8; Sulcus Bleeding Index: 0.5 versus 0.3; probing pocket depth: 1.9 mm versus 2.1 mm; width of keratinized mucosa: 2.5 mm versus 3.3 mm; Periotest value: -3.7 versus -3.2. Twenty-nine of the examined sites showed no bone loss. After 2 years of loading in the posterior mandible, test and control implants had the same prognosis.
本研究的目的是评估在下颌后牙区即刻负重种植体与延期负重种植体的临床成功率。在12例患者无牙的下颌远中牙槽嵴双侧尖牙远中植入3枚种植体。随机选择一侧植入3枚种植体（延期负重；对照部位），采用渐进螺纹设计进行潜入式愈合，3个月后暴露种植体并安装临时夹板冠，6周后更换为最终修复体。在下颌对侧植入另外3枚相同尺寸的种植体（即刻负重；试验部位）。试验种植体安装基台并按照与对照种植体相同的方案即刻负重。在平均负重25.3个月后，患者的各项临床指标均值正常，试验组和对照组种植体之间无显著差异（P<0.05），具体如下：菌斑指数：0.4对0.8；龈沟出血指数：0.5对0.3；探诊袋深度：1.9mm对2.1mm；角化黏膜宽度：2.5mm对3.3mm；Periotest值：-3.7对-3.2。29个检查部位未见骨吸收。在下颌后牙区负重2年后,试验组和对照组种植体预后相同。
