Simons Mikael, Trajkovic Katarina
Centre for Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University of Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
J Cell Sci. 2006 Nov 1;119(Pt 21):4381-9. doi: 10.1242/jcs.03242.
During the development of the central nervous system the reciprocal communication between neurons and oligodendrocytes is essential for the generation of myelin, a multilamellar insulating membrane that ensheathes the axons. Neuron-derived signalling molecules regulate the proliferation, differentiation and survival of oligodendrocytes. Furthermore, neurons control the onset and timing of myelin membrane growth. In turn, signals from oligodendrocytes to neurons direct the assembly of specific subdomains in neurons at the node of Ranvier. Recent work has begun to shed light on the molecules and signaling systems used to coordinate the interaction of neurons and oligodendrocytes. For example, the neuronal signals seem to control the membrane trafficking machinery in oligodendrocytes that leads to myelination. These interconnections at multiple levels show how neurons and glia cooperate to build a complex network during development.
在中枢神经系统发育过程中，神经元与少突胶质细胞之间的相互通讯对于髓鞘的形成至关重要，髓鞘是一种包裹轴突的多层绝缘膜。神经元衍生的信号分子调节少突胶质细胞的增殖、分化和存活。此外，神经元控制髓鞘膜生长的起始和时间。反过来，少突胶质细胞向神经元发出的信号指导郎飞结处神经元中特定亚结构域的组装。最近的研究开始揭示用于协调神经元与少突胶质细胞相互作用的分子和信号系统。例如，神经元信号似乎控制少突胶质细胞中导致髓鞘形成的膜转运机制。这些多层次的相互联系表明了神经元和神经胶质在发育过程中如何协作构建一个复杂的网络。
