Shiojiri Kaori, Kishimoto Kyutaro, Ozawa Rika, Kugimiya Soichi, Urashimo Soichi, Arimura Genichiro, Horiuchi Junichiro, Nishioka Takaaki, Matsui Kenji, Takabayashi Junji
Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu 520-2113, Japan.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Nov 7;103(45):16672-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0607780103. Epub 2006 Oct 30.
Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) are commonly emitted by green plants, and their production is drastically enhanced when they are under biotic stress. To clarify the ecological function of naturally emitted GLVs, we studied the response of Arabidopsis, whose GLV biosynthesis had been modified, when subjected to herbivory or a pathogenic infection. There was a significant increase in GLV production after herbivory by cabbage white butterfly larvae and pathogen (gray mold) infection in hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) sense Arabidopsis compared with WT controls. The HPL sense modification resulted in the plant being more attractive to the parasitic wasp Cotesia glomerata, leading to higher mortality of the herbivores. The HPL sense modification also resulted in greater inhibition of growth of the fungus. By contrast, HPL antisense Arabidopsis produced fewer GLVs, attracted fewer parasitoids, and was more susceptible to the pathogens than the WT control. These data show that (i) one of the ecological functions of GLV biosynthesis related to resistance against both herbivores and pathogens, and (ii) the genetic modification of GLV biosynthesis could be a unique approach for improving plant resistance against such biotic stresses.
绿叶挥发物（GLVs）通常由绿色植物释放，当植物受到生物胁迫时，其释放量会急剧增加。为了阐明自然释放的GLVs的生态功能，我们研究了拟南芥在其GLV生物合成被改变后，遭受食草动物取食或病原菌感染时的反应。与野生型对照相比，过氧化氢裂解酶（HPL）过表达的拟南芥在受到菜粉蝶幼虫取食和病原菌（灰霉病）感染后，GLV的产生显著增加。HPL过表达导致植株对寄生蜂菜蛾盘绒茧蜂更具吸引力，从而使食草动物的死亡率更高。HPL过表达还导致对真菌生长的更大抑制。相比之下，HPL反义拟南芥产生的GLVs较少，吸引的寄生蜂较少，并且比野生型对照更容易受到病原菌的侵害。这些数据表明：（i）GLV生物合成的生态功能之一与对食草动物和病原菌的抗性有关；（ii）GLV生物合成的基因改造可能是提高植物对这种生物胁迫抗性的一种独特方法。
