Janka Zoltán
Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Pszichiátriai Klinika, Szeged.
Ideggyogy Sz. 2006 Jul 20;59(7-8):236-40.
Basic elements of artistic (and other) creativity are the technical-professional skill and knowledge, the special talent and ability and the willingness or motivation; one of which being absent results in partially realised creativity like juvenile, frustrated or abandoned types, respectively. Psychometric scales have been developed to measure everyday and eminent creativity, which show that creativity correlates with higher psychoticism, impulsivity and venturesomeness scores and with lower neuroticism and conformity scores of the personality test employed in a general population. Among the psychological components of creativity are the cognitive processes, mood, motivation, and personality traits. Regarding mood, a theory of "inverted U" has been proposed as elevation of mood facilitates creativity to a certain point after what extreme increase has an adverse effect on achievement. Analysing psychopathology and creativity among various professions, higher rates of psychopathology, especially affective symptoms, have been found in art-related professions. Examples of immortal poets, writers, painters, sculptors and composers, having created invaluable cultural treasures for mankind, illustrate that many of them showed signs of mood alterations (unipolar or bipolar affective disorder spectrum) which were expressed in their artistic products.
艺术（以及其他方面）创造力的基本要素包括专业技术技能和知识、特殊天赋与能力以及意愿或动机；其中任何一项缺失都会分别导致创造力部分实现，如青少年型、受挫型或放弃型。已经开发出心理测量量表来衡量日常创造力和卓越创造力，这些量表表明，创造力与在普通人群中使用的人格测试中较高的精神质、冲动性和冒险性得分以及较低的神经质和顺从性得分相关。创造力的心理成分包括认知过程、情绪、动机和人格特质。关于情绪，有人提出了“倒U形”理论，因为情绪提升在一定程度上有助于创造力，但在达到某个点之后，极端的情绪高涨会对成就产生负面影响。分析不同职业中的精神病理学与创造力，发现与艺术相关的职业中精神病理学发生率更高，尤其是情感症状。那些为人类创造了无价文化瑰宝的不朽诗人、作家、画家、雕塑家和作曲家的例子表明，他们中的许多人都表现出情绪变化的迹象（单相或双相情感障碍谱系），这些迹象在他们的艺术作品中有所体现。
