Szakács Réka
Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Pszichiátriai Klinika, Szeged.
Ideggyogy Sz. 2018 Jan 30;71(1-02):63-71. doi: 10.18071/isz.71.0063.
The link between creativity, as the highest expression form of human achievement, and bipolar disorder came into focus of scientific investigations and research. Accomplished writers, composers and visual artists show a substantially higher rate of affective disorders, prodominantly bipolar mood disorders, comparing to the general population. Then again, patients afflicted with bipolar II subtype (hypomania and depression), as well as persons presenting the mildest form of bipolar mood swings (cyclothymia) possess higher creative skills. It evokes therefore that certain forms and mood states of bipolar disorder, notably hypomania might convey cognitive, emotional/affective, and motivational benefits to creativity. The aim of this paper is to display expression forms of creativity (writing, visual art, scientific work) as well as productivity (literary and scientific work output, number of artworks and exhibitions, awards) in the light of clinically diagnosed mood states at an eminent creative individual, treated for bipolar II disorder. Analysing the affective states, we found a striking relation between hypomanic episodes and visual artistic creativity and achievement, as well as scientific performance, whereas mild-moderate depressed mood promoted literary work. Severe depression and mixed states were not associated with creative activities, and intriguingly, long-term stabilised euthymic mood, exempted from marked affective lability, is disadvantageous regarding creativity. It seems, thereby, that mood functions as a sluice of creativity. Nevertheless, it is likely that there is a complex interaction between bipolar mood disorder spectrum and psychological factors promoting creativity, influenced also by individual variability due to medication, comorbid conditions, and course of disorder.
作为人类成就最高表现形式的创造力与双相情感障碍之间的联系，成为了科学调查与研究的焦点。与普通人群相比，有造诣的作家、作曲家和视觉艺术家患情感障碍的比例显著更高，主要是双相情感障碍。再者，患有双相II型亚型（轻躁狂和抑郁）的患者，以及表现出最轻微双相情绪波动形式（环性心境障碍）的人，拥有更高的创造技能。因此，这表明双相情感障碍的某些形式和情绪状态，尤其是轻躁狂，可能为创造力带来认知、情感和动机方面的益处。本文旨在根据一位因双相II型障碍接受治疗的杰出创意个体的临床诊断情绪状态，展示创造力的表现形式（写作、视觉艺术、科学工作）以及生产力（文学和科学作品产出、艺术作品数量和展览、奖项）。通过分析情感状态，我们发现轻躁狂发作与视觉艺术创造力和成就以及科学表现之间存在显著关系，而轻度至中度抑郁情绪则促进文学创作。严重抑郁和混合状态与创造性活动无关，有趣的是，长期稳定的心境正常状态，没有明显的情感波动，在创造力方面是不利的。因此，情绪似乎起到了创造力闸门的作用。然而，双相情感障碍谱系与促进创造力的心理因素之间可能存在复杂的相互作用，这也受到药物治疗、共病情况和疾病病程导致的个体差异的影响。
