Levine Brett, Della Valle Craig J, Jacobs Joshua J
Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2006 Nov;14(12):646-55. doi: 10.5435/00124635-200611000-00008.
Porous tantalum is an alternative metal for total joint arthroplasty components that offers several unique properties. Its high volumetric porosity (70% to 80%), low modulus of elasticity (3 MPa), and high frictional characteristics make it conducive to biologic fixation. Tantalum has excellent biocompatibility and is safe to use in vivo. The low modulus of elasticity allows for more physiologic load transfer and relative preservation of bone stock. Because of its bioactive nature and ingrowth properties, tantalum is used in primary as well as revision total hip arthroplasty components, with good to excellent early clinical results. In revision arthroplasty, standard and custom augments may serve as a structural bone graft substitute. Formation of a bone-like apatite coating in vivo affords strong fibrous ingrowth properties and allows for substantial soft-tissue attachment, indicating potential for use in cases requiring reattachment of muscles and tendons to a prosthesis. Development of modular components and femoral stems also is being evaluated. The initial clinical data and basic science studies support further investigation of porous tantalum as an alternative to traditional implant materials.
多孔钽是全关节置换部件的一种替代金属，具有多种独特性能。其高体积孔隙率（70%至80%）、低弹性模量（3兆帕）和高摩擦特性使其有利于生物固定。钽具有出色的生物相容性，在体内使用安全。低弹性模量允许更符合生理的负荷传递以及相对保留骨量。由于其生物活性本质和长入特性，钽被用于初次以及翻修全髋关节置换部件，早期临床结果良好至优异。在翻修关节置换术中，标准和定制的增强部件可作为结构性骨移植替代物。体内形成类骨磷灰石涂层赋予强大的纤维长入特性，并允许大量软组织附着，表明其在需要将肌肉和肌腱重新附着于假体的病例中具有应用潜力。模块化部件和股骨干的研发也在进行评估。初步临床数据和基础科学研究支持进一步研究多孔钽作为传统植入材料的替代品。
