Ericson Jonathon E, Crinella Francis M, Clarke-Stewart K Alison, Allhusen Virginia D, Chan Tony, Robertson Richard T
Department of Environmental Health, Science and Policy, University of California, Irvine, USA.
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2007 Mar-Apr;29(2):181-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2006.09.020. Epub 2006 Sep 27.
Although manganese (Mn) is an essential mineral, high concentrations of the metal can result in a neurotoxic syndrome affecting dopamine balance and behavior control. We report an exploratory study showing an association between Mn deposits in tooth enamel, dating to the 20th and 62-64th gestational weeks, and childhood behavioral outcomes. In a sample of 27 children, 20th week Mn level was significantly and positively correlated with measures of behavioral disinhibition, specifically, play with a forbidden toy (36 months), impulsive errors on a continuous performance and a children's Stroop test (54 months), parents' and teachers' ratings of externalizing and attention problems on the Child Behavior Checklist (1st and 3rd grades), and teacher ratings on the Disruptive Behavior Disorders Scale (3rd grade). By way of contrast, Mn level in tooth enamel formed at the 62-64th gestational week was correlated only with teachers' reports of externalizing behavior in 1st and 3rd grades. Although the source(s) of Mn exposure in this sample are unknown, one hypothesis, overabsorption of Mn secondary to gestational iron-deficiency anemia, is discussed.
尽管锰（Mn）是一种必需矿物质，但高浓度的这种金属会导致一种影响多巴胺平衡和行为控制的神经毒性综合征。我们报告了一项探索性研究，该研究表明在牙釉质中可追溯到妊娠第20周和第62 - 64周的锰沉积与儿童行为结果之间存在关联。在27名儿童的样本中，第20周的锰水平与行为抑制的测量指标显著正相关，具体而言，与玩被禁止的玩具（36个月时）、持续性操作任务和儿童斯特鲁普测验中的冲动性错误（54个月时）、父母和教师在儿童行为检查表上对外化和注意力问题的评分（一年级和三年级）以及教师在破坏性行为障碍量表上的评分（三年级）相关。相比之下，在妊娠第62 - 64周形成的牙釉质中的锰水平仅与教师关于一年级和三年级外化行为的报告相关。尽管该样本中锰暴露的来源尚不清楚，但讨论了一种假设，即继发于妊娠缺铁性贫血的锰过度吸收。
