Makarov Danil V, Carter H Ballentine
James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
J Urol. 2006 Dec;176(6 Pt 1):2383-5. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2006.08.019.
Prostate specific antigen is the most widely used oncological biomarker in medicine today. Before its implementation as an early diagnostic marker, urologists were limited to prostatic acid phosphatase, digital rectal examination and transrectal ultrasound for the detection of prostate cancer. We review the history of the discovery of prostate specific antigen as a biomarker for the early detection of adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
We performed a structured literature review, searching PubMed for papers on the subject of prostate specific antigen limited to humans between the years 1970 to 2005. We found a total of 8,365 articles.
While the use of prostate specific antigen in evaluating newly diagnosed prostate disease, and followup of men after treatment for prostate disease is accepted practice, prostate specific antigen screening for prostate cancer remains controversial.
In the next decade the results of randomized trials of screening may answer some of the questions posed at the beginning of the prostate specific antigen era. To what extent does prostate specific antigen screening affect prostate cancer mortality and at what cost?
前列腺特异性抗原是当今医学中使用最广泛的肿瘤生物标志物。在其作为早期诊断标志物应用之前，泌尿外科医生检测前列腺癌的手段局限于前列腺酸性磷酸酶、直肠指检和经直肠超声检查。我们回顾了前列腺特异性抗原作为前列腺腺癌早期检测生物标志物的发现历程。
我们进行了一项结构化文献综述，在PubMed上搜索1970年至2005年间关于前列腺特异性抗原且限于人类的相关论文。共找到8365篇文章。
虽然使用前列腺特异性抗原评估新诊断的前列腺疾病以及对前列腺疾病治疗后的男性进行随访已成为公认的做法，但前列腺特异性抗原筛查前列腺癌仍存在争议。
在未来十年，筛查的随机试验结果可能会回答前列腺特异性抗原时代伊始提出的一些问题。前列腺特异性抗原筛查在多大程度上影响前列腺癌死亡率，成本又是多少？
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