Madureira M M, Takayama L, Gallinaro A L, Caparbo V F, Costa R A, Pereira R M R
Division of Rheumatology (Bone Mineral Metabolism Laboratory), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Osteoporos Int. 2007 Apr;18(4):419-25. doi: 10.1007/s00198-006-0252-5. Epub 2006 Nov 7.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 12-month Balance Training Program on balance, mobility and falling frequency in women with osteoporosis.
Sixty-six consecutive elderly women were selected from the Osteometabolic Disease Outpatient Clinic and randomized into 2 groups: the 'Intervention', submitted for balance training; and the 'Control', without intervention. Balance, mobility and falling frequency were evaluated before and at the end of the trial, using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Clinical Test Sensory Interaction Balance (CTSIB) and the Timed "Up & Go" Test (TUGT). Intervention used techniques to improve balance consisting of a 1-hour session each week and a home-based exercise program.
Sixty women completed the study and were analyzed. The BBS difference was significant higher in the Intervention group compared to Control (5.5 +/- 5.67 vs -0.5 +/- 4.88 score, p<0.001). Similarly, the number of patients in the Intervention group presented improvement in two conditions of CTSIB compared to Control (eyes closed and unstable surface condition: 13 vs one patient, p < 0.001 and eyes open, visual conflict and unstable surface condition: 12 vs one patient, p<0.001). Additionally, the differences between the TUGT were reduced in the Intervention group compared to Control (-3.65 +/- 3.61 vs 2.27 +/- 7.18 seconds, p< 0.001). Notably, this improvement was paralleled by a reduction in the number of falls/patient in the Intervention group compared to Control (-0.77 +/- 1.76 vs 0.33 +/- 0.96, p=0.018).
This longitudinal prospective study demonstrated that an intervention using balance training is effective in improving functional and static balance, mobility and falling frequency in elderly women with osteoporosis.
本研究旨在调查为期12个月的平衡训练计划对骨质疏松症女性平衡能力、活动能力和跌倒频率的影响。
从骨代谢疾病门诊连续选取66名老年女性，随机分为两组：“干预组”，接受平衡训练；“对照组”，不接受干预。在试验开始前和结束时，使用伯格平衡量表（BBS）、临床感觉交互作用平衡测试（CTSIB）和定时起立行走测试（TUGT）对平衡能力、活动能力和跌倒频率进行评估。干预措施采用每周1小时的训练课程及家庭锻炼计划，以改善平衡能力。
60名女性完成了研究并进行了分析。与对照组相比，干预组的BBS差异显著更高（得分分别为5.5±5.67和-0.5±4.88，p<0.001）。同样，与对照组相比，干预组在CTSIB的两种情况下有更多患者得到改善（闭眼和不稳定表面条件：13例对1例患者，p<0.001；睁眼、视觉冲突和不稳定表面条件：12例对1例患者，p<0.001）。此外，与对照组相比，干预组的TUGT差异减小（分别为-3.65±3.61和2.27±7.18秒，p<0.001）。值得注意的是，与对照组相比，干预组每位患者的跌倒次数减少（分别为-0.77±1.76和0.33±0.96，p=0.018），这与上述改善情况相平行。
这项纵向前瞻性研究表明，采用平衡训练的干预措施对改善骨质疏松症老年女性的功能和静态平衡、活动能力及跌倒频率有效。
