Büchter André, Wiechmann Dirk, Gaertner Christoph, Hendrik Marc, Vogeler Martin, Wiesmann Hans Peter, Piffko Josef, Meyer Ulrich
Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2006 Dec;17(6):714-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2006.01233.x.
The purpose of this study was to determine the interface reaction of two different titanium micro-implant systems activated with different load regimens. A total of 200 micro-implants (100 Abso Anchor and 100 Dual Top) were placed in the mandible of eight Göttinger minipigs. Two implants each were immediately loaded in the opposite direction by various forces (100, 300 or 500 cN) through tension coils. Three different distances between the neck of the implant and the bone rim (1, 2, 3 mm) were used. The loads provided by superelastic tension coils (which are known to develop a virtually constant force) led to a range of tip moments 0-900 cN mm at the neck of implants. Non-loaded implants were used as a reference. Bone tissue responses were evaluated by histology, histomorphometry and scanning electron microscopy after 22 and 70 days of loading. Implant loosening was present in the groups where the load reached 900 cN mm. No movement of implants through the bone was found in the experimental groups, for any of the applied loads. A direct bone-to-implant contact to various extents was observed at differently loaded implants. Ultrastructural analysis confirmed the clinical and histological finding that implants (except when loaded at 900 cN mm) were well osseointegrated after 22 days. An increase in the bone-to-implant contact ratio was observed during the experimental period in the coronal part of the implants in most experimental groups. The difference reached a level of statistical significance at 500 cN mm (Abso Anchor) and 600 cN mm (Dual Top). We conclude that micro-implants can not only be loaded immediately without impairment of implant stability but many enhance bone formation at the interface when the load-related biomechanics do not exceed an upper limit of tip moment at the bone rim.
本研究的目的是确定两种不同的钛微种植体系统在不同加载方案激活下的界面反应。总共200个微种植体（100个Abso Anchor和100个Dual Top）被植入8只哥廷根小型猪的下颌骨。通过拉力线圈，以不同的力（100、300或500 cN）立即向每个种植体的相反方向加载两个种植体。种植体颈部与骨边缘之间使用了三种不同的距离（1、2、3 mm）。超弹性拉力线圈提供的负载（已知会产生几乎恒定的力）在种植体颈部产生了0 - 900 cN·mm范围内的一系列尖端力矩。未加载的种植体用作对照。在加载22天和70天后，通过组织学、组织形态计量学和扫描电子显微镜评估骨组织反应。在负载达到900 cN·mm的组中出现了种植体松动。在任何施加的负载下，实验组均未发现种植体穿过骨的移动。在不同负载的种植体上观察到了不同程度的骨与种植体直接接触。超微结构分析证实了临床和组织学发现，即种植体（除了在900 cN·mm负载时）在22天后骨结合良好。在大多数实验组中，在实验期间观察到种植体冠状部分的骨与种植体接触率增加。在500 cN·mm（Abso Anchor）和600 cN·mm（Dual Top）时，差异达到统计学显著水平。我们得出结论，当与负载相关的生物力学不超过骨边缘尖端力矩的上限时，微种植体不仅可以立即加载而不损害种植体稳定性，而且可以增强界面处的骨形成。
