Lehoczký Peter, McHugh Peter J, Chovanec Miroslav
Department of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2007 Mar;31(2):109-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2006.00046.x. Epub 2006 Nov 9.
DNA interstrand cross-links (ICL) present a formidable challenge to the cellular DNA repair apparatus. For Escherichia coli, a pathway which combines nucleotide excision repair (NER) and homologous recombination repair (HRR) to eliminate ICL has been characterized in detail, both genetically and biochemically. Mechanisms of ICL repair in eukaryotes have proved more difficult to define, primarily as a result of the fact that several pathways appear compete for ICL repair intermediates, and also because these competing activities are regulated in the cell cycle. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has proven a powerful tool for dissecting ICL repair. Important roles for NER, HRR and postreplication/translesion synthesis pathways have all been identified. Here we review, with reference to similarities and differences in higher eukaryotes, what has been discovered to date concerning ICL repair in this simple eukaryote.
DNA链间交联（ICL）对细胞DNA修复机制构成了巨大挑战。对于大肠杆菌，一条结合核苷酸切除修复（NER）和同源重组修复（HRR）以消除ICL的途径已在遗传和生化方面得到了详细表征。真核生物中ICL修复机制更难确定，主要是因为有几种途径似乎在竞争ICL修复中间体，还因为这些竞争活动在细胞周期中受到调控。芽殖酵母酿酒酵母已被证明是剖析ICL修复的有力工具。NER、HRR和复制后/跨损伤合成途径的重要作用均已得到确认。在此，我们参照高等真核生物中的异同，综述迄今为止在这种简单真核生物中有关ICL修复的发现。
