Wang Junling, Noel Jason M, Zuckerman Ilene H, Miller Nancy A, Shaya Fadia T, Mullins C Daniel
University of Tennessee College of Pharmacy, USA.
Med Care Res Rev. 2006 Dec;63(6):742-63. doi: 10.1177/1077558706293638.
Prior studies do not address racial and ethnic disparities in essential new drug use and whether disparities decrease through time. Using the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (1996-2001), racial and ethnic disparities were examined separately by comparing non-Hispanic whites to non-Hispanic blacks and Hispanic whites, respectively. New drugs were defined as approved within the past 5 years, and an expert panel identified essential drugs. Negative binomial models adjusted for socioeconomic and health characteristics. The mean annual number of times essential new drugs were obtained among non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, and Hispanic whites were 1.02, 0.94, and 0.70, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, ethnic disparities generally were not significant, but racial disparities became significant. This study did not identify declining disparities during early years of drugs' life cycles. Disparities exist in new, essential drug acquisition between non-Hispanic whites and non-Hispanic blacks. Socioeconomic and health characteristics explain many of the observed disparities.
以往的研究未涉及基本新药使用方面的种族和族裔差异，以及这些差异是否会随时间减少。利用医疗支出小组调查（1996 - 2001年），分别通过将非西班牙裔白人与非西班牙裔黑人以及西班牙裔白人进行比较，对种族和族裔差异进行了研究。新药被定义为在过去5年内获批的药物，一个专家小组确定了基本药物。采用负二项式模型对社会经济和健康特征进行了调整。非西班牙裔白人、非西班牙裔黑人以及西班牙裔白人每年获得基本新药的平均次数分别为1.02、0.94和0.70。在对混杂因素进行调整后，族裔差异通常不显著，但种族差异变得显著。本研究未发现药物生命周期早期差异有所下降。非西班牙裔白人和非西班牙裔黑人在获取新的基本药物方面存在差异。社会经济和健康特征解释了观察到的许多差异。
