Rackley Edward B
Disasters. 2006 Dec;30(4):417-32. doi: 10.1111/j.0361-3666.2006.00330.x.
This paper draws on two periods of field research, conducted in 2004, to consider the state of governance in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The first measures the paralysing impact of illegal taxation on riverine trade in the western provinces; the second documents civilian attempts to seek safety from violence in the troubled east, and evaluates third-party efforts to provide protection and security. Analysis of study findings suggests that the DRC's current governance crisis is neither historically novel nor driven exclusively by mineral resources, extraction rights or trafficking. Rather, government by predation is an endemic and systematic feature of the civil and military administration, ensuring the daily economic survival of soldiers and officials, who are able to wield their authority in a 'riskfree' environment, without oversight or accountability. The paper's conclusion tries to make sense of the persistence of corruption in social and political life, and assess the capacity of ordinary citizens to reverse their predicament.
本文借鉴了2004年进行的两个阶段的实地研究，以考察刚果民主共和国（DRC）的治理状况。第一个阶段衡量了非法征税对西部省份内河贸易的瘫痪性影响；第二个阶段记录了平民在动荡的东部地区寻求暴力庇护的尝试，并评估了第三方提供保护和安全的努力。对研究结果的分析表明，刚果民主共和国当前的治理危机既不是历史上的新鲜事，也不是仅仅由矿产资源、开采权或贩运驱动的。相反，掠夺式治理是民政和军事管理中一种普遍存在的系统性特征，确保了士兵和官员的日常经济生存，他们能够在“无风险”的环境中行使权力，而无需监督或问责。本文的结论试图理解社会和政治生活中腐败现象的持续存在，并评估普通公民扭转困境的能力。
